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閱讀參考

語篇導讀

本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了李白、杜甫、阿波羅等仿生人形機器人的特點，以及人們發(fā)展仿生人形機器人的原因和此類機器人的劣勢。

譯文助讀

李白手里拿著一只酒杯，而杜甫坐在書桌前，在他面前的紙上寫詩。我們并不是穿越到了過去，是科技讓他們“復活”了。

包括這兩位大詩人在內的其他人形機器人于8月底在北京舉辦的2023世界機器人大會上亮相。他們與真人相似。

央視網在一則關于遼寧企業(yè)EXROBOTS的視頻中解釋道：“皮膚是用醫(yī)用級仿生硅膠制成的，這就是為什么皮膚看起來很柔軟，還能看到里面的血管。”手臂和手背上還能看到雞皮疙瘩和掌紋。

研究人員也正努力在機器人身上創(chuàng)造人類的其他特征。2023年8月23日，美國機器人公司Apptronik推出了其仿生人形機器人阿波羅。阿波羅擁有大約30塊肌肉。

然而，“我們人類的身體里大約有300塊肌肉，”該公司的聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人尼克·佩恩（NickPaine)告訴媒體。目前,工程師們只能簡化肌肉,讓它們能完成基本動作,比如取物品和行走。

這種機器人頭部還包含攝像頭和傳感器，幫助其繪制出環(huán)境的360度全景圖。它們還能在機器人走在不確定的表面上時幫助其保持平衡。

如今，仿生人形機器人大多與人類一起工作，比如做導覽員或在前臺幫助訪客。還有一些機器人分擔護士的工作，比如分發(fā)藥物。這可能是因為人們喜歡與長相或行為像自己的機器共事。它們能“引起人們的共鳴”，美國機器人科學家馬爾·雷伯特（Mare Raibert)告訴媒體。隨著越來越多的仿生人形機器人問世，安全將成為關鍵，據機器人報告網站報道。當一個重70公斤的機器人發(fā)生故障而摔倒時，附近的人類可能會受傷。

【答案自查】

1.B細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段“The two great poets,along with other humanoid robots,were presented at the 2023 World Robot Conference in late August in Beijing. They lookedsimilar to realhuman beings.”可知，這兩個機器人看起來栩栩如生。故選B。2.A細節(jié)理解題。根據第五段中的“For now,engineers can only simplify the muscles,allowing them to do basic movements like holding objects and walking.”可知,目前這種機器人只能做一些基本的動作，即它做不了復雜的動作。故選A。3.B細節(jié)理解題。根據最后一段中的“This could be because people feel comfortable to liveand work with machines that look or act like them.”可知,大多數仿生人形機器人目前與人們一起工作是因為人們覺得和它們在一起生活和工作很舒服。故選B。4.D標題歸納題。通讀全文可知,文章主要介紹了李白、杜甫、阿波羅等仿生人形機器人的特點，并說明研究人員利用技術創(chuàng)造這些機器人的原因和此類機器人的劣勢。因此,D項“新技術使人形機器人成為可能”符合文章主旨，最適合作為本文標題。故選D。

Day 6 詞句回顧 ■ 遷移運用

詞匯采

\* Day 1

1. tape n.磁帶；膠布
2. appropriately adv.適當地
3. frame n. 結構;框
4. previous adj.以前的；以往的
5. display \boldsymbol{*}\boldsymbol{v}. 顯示；表現 n 顯示；陳列
6. unique adj.獨特的;獨一無二的

\* Day 2

1. homely adj家常的；相貌平平的
2. amend \boldsymbol{*}\boldsymbol{v}. 修正;改進
3. survive \boldsymbol{v}. 幸免于難;存活；艱難度過
4.auction n. 拍賣
5. sensation n. 感覺；轟動

\* Day 3

1. artistic adj.藝術的
2. aimlessly adv.漫無目的地
3.stick n .手杖；枝；桿v.將·….·刺人；（在某物中)卡住;粘貼

4. documentary n.紀錄片
5.motto n.座右銘

\* Day 4

1. conceal v.隱藏；隱瞞；掩蓋
2. deter v.制止;阻止
3. drudgery n.苦差事
4. bethought v.考慮；想起
5.inasmuch as conj.因為;鑒于
6. nurture {\boldsymbol{v}}.{\&}{\boldsymbol{n}}. 養(yǎng)育；培育
7. precept n.準則;規(guī)范
8. incur v.遭受；引起

\* Day 5

1. humanoid adj.具有人類特點的
n.仿真機器人
2.medical-gradeadj.醫(yī)療級別的
3. vein n.靜脈;紋理
4. co-founder n.共同創(chuàng)辦人;共同創(chuàng)始人
5. sensor n.傳感器
6. uncertain adj.不穩(wěn)定的;不確定的

短語串記

1.由handover串記含有“hand"的短語（Day2）

2.由bringout串記含有“bring"的短語（Day5)

■多維探究

I.一詞多義

1. cover n .封面；蓋子;套子；表面v.覆蓋;涉及;包含；掩護；足以支付(Day1)

[自我檢測]寫出黑體部分的詞性及含義

(1)The front cover of the novel has been torn off.
(2)The talks are expected to cover other topics too. (3)The car should be housed with a cover for a longer time's parking.
(4) The dictionary's articles cover a wide range of topics.
(5)He says the museum's 2,300$ pay for the artworks was not even enough to cover his costs.

2.accountn.賬戶；賬目；報告；描述；解釋；說明 \boldsymbol{v}. 解釋；視為（Day2)

[自我檢測]寫出黑體部分的詞性及含義

(1)He has been asked to account for his conduct.
(2)The customer asked to see the executive who handled his account.
(3) This is a particular account of the accident.
(4)A man is accounted innocent until he is proven guilty.
(5)Anne Frank's diary,an account of her life in hiding, was published in 1947 and became a global sensation,being translated into 67 languages.

Ⅱ.熟詞生義

coat[熟義］n.外套；上衣[生義］.涂上;覆蓋；包上n.涂料層(Day 1)

[自我檢測]寫出黑體部分的詞性及含義

(1)She was wearing a woolen coat, with a cotton blouse underneath.
(2)The wall needs a second coat of paint.
(3)The bookshelves were coated with red paint.
(4)The table was coated in dust.
(5) A mirror coated in red paint, a banana stuck to the wall with tape, and an unseen sculpture—these are just a few of the abstract artworks that have recently sold for surprising amounts.

Ⅲ.詞匯變形

1.appointv.任命；委派；指定；約定 \rightarrow adj.指定的;約定的 \rightarrow n.約會；約定
2.produce v.生產;引起;生長 n .產品；農產品 \rightarrow v.再生產；復制;繁殖 \rightarrow n.生產;產量;制作
3. spirit n .精神；心靈 \left[\phi l.\right] 心境；情緒 \rightarrow adj.精神的;心靈的 \rightarrow n.靈性;精神性
4.amazev.使吃驚；使驚異 \rightarrow adj.吃驚的;驚愣的 \rightarrow adj.令人驚異的 \rightarrow n.驚愣；驚異
5.admire \boldsymbol{\upsilon}. 欽佩；贊美；羨慕；欣賞 \rightarrow adj.令人羨慕的；可欽佩的→ adj.贊賞的;羨慕的 \rightarrow n.欽佩；贊賞
6. imagine \boldsymbol{*}\boldsymbol{v}. 想象；設想；料想 \rightarrow adj.富于想象力的 \rightarrow adj.可想象的；可想到的 \rightarrow n.想象;想象力;幻想
7. perceive \scriptstyle{\boldsymbol{v}}, .注意到;覺察到;認為 \rightarrow adj.可察覺到的→ n.知覺;洞察力;看法

英語·選擇性必修第一冊

難句研讀

1. A lost poem by Anne Frank that she wrote shortly before she and her family went into hiding from the Nazis has been unearthed more than 70 years later. (Day 2)

[剖析]此句是主從復合句，主句的主干是 ，that引導 從句，before引導從句。

[翻譯]

2. Anne Frank was born in 1929 in Frankfurt,Germany,but her family fled the Nazis in 1933, moving to Amsterdam where her father worked in the fruit extract business. (Day 2) [剖析]此句是 句,moving to Amsterdam 是動詞-ing形式短語作 ,where 引導 從句。 [翻譯]

3."The skin is made of medical-grade bionic silicone, which is why the skin looks soft and veins can be seen through it,” CCTN explained in a video about Liaoning-based producer EXROBOTS. (Day 5)

[剖析]引號內的部分都是動詞explained的 ，which引導 從句,why引導從句。
[翻譯]

參考答案

【多維探究】

\operatorname{I}.1.\left(1\right)n .封面 (2)v. 涉及 (3)n. 套子 (4)v. 包含 (5)v. 足以支付 2.(1)v. 解釋 (2)n 賬戶 (3)n 報告 (4)v. 視為 (5)n 描述
\mathbb{I}.(1)n 外套 (2)n .涂料層 (3)v. 涂上 (4)v. 覆蓋 (5)v. 涂上
.1. appointed;appointment 2. reproduce; production 3. spiritual; spirituality 4. amazed; amazing; amazement 5. admirable; admiring; admiration 6. imaginative; imaginable; imagination 7. perceptible;perception

【難句研讀】

1.剖析:A lost poem has been unearthed;定語;時間狀語翻譯：安妮·弗蘭克在和家人躲避納粹之前寫的一首遺失的詩在70多年后被發(fā)現了。
2.剖析：并列；伴隨狀語；定語翻譯：安妮·弗蘭克1929 年出生于德國法蘭克福，但她的家人在1933年為躲避納粹，搬到了阿姆斯特丹，她的父親在那里經營水果生意。
3.剖析：賓語/直接引語；(非限制性)定語；表語翻譯：央視網在一則關于遼寧企業(yè) EXROBOTS 的視頻中解釋道：“皮膚是用醫(yī)用級仿生硅膠制成的，這就是為什么皮膚看起來很柔軟，還能看到里面的血管。”

主題7 人際關系

Day 1 時文在線

交往中的觸碰

Scientists have found the simplest way you can protect yourself against stress is by hugging. It is said hugs are society's favourite form of expressing affection. To some extent, hugs act as a form of social support,protecting stressed people from getting sick.

Have you ever wondered how acceptable it is to hug or touch someone? The simple answer is to thoroughly learn unique cultural norms for physical contact. Basically, physical contact and the study of touching are generally referred to as haptics(觸覺論). Haptics in communication often suggest the level of closeness. They are usually classified into two groups:high-contact and low-contact.

Asia and the United States, Canada and Britain belong to low-contact cultures. People from the rest of the world, such as Latin America, are considered to be in high-contact cultures, where they tend to expect touching in social interactions and feel more comfortable with physical closeness. Despite the classification, there are more complex factors such as relational closeness, gender, age, and context that can affect how someone views physical contact.

In contrast,in certain Arabian,African,and Asian countries,men can publicly hold hands or show physical affection as signs of brotherhood or friendship while these behaviours may suggest a romantic relationship in other parts of the world. Although men's touching is more normal in these cultures, physical contact between persons of opposite sexes who are not family members is negatively perceived in Arabian countries.

1. What does physical contact in communication suggest?

A. What social class people belong to.
B.How civilized the communicators are.
C. What family background people come from.
D. How close the communicators’ relationships are.

2. What do we learn about people in highcontact cultures?

A. They tend to be open in social events. B. They take physical touch as a cultural norm.

C. They tend to have close ties among people.
D. They prefer to hug to express their emotions.

3. Which social custom happens in Arabian countries?

A. Traditional romantic relationship seems simply unacceptable.
B. Men can show friendship in public through physical affection.
C.Physical contact between familiar people is naturally received.
D. People of different ages and genders show affection by touching.

閱讀參考

■語篇導讀

本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了不同文化背景下人們通過對觸碰的態(tài)度，強調了人際交往中了解文化規(guī)范的重要性。

譯文助讀

科學家們發(fā)現，保護自己免受壓力影響的最簡單方法就是擁抱。據說，擁抱是社會上最受歡迎的表達愛意的方式。在某種程度上，擁抱是一種社會支持形式，能保護壓力大的人免于生病。

你有沒有想過擁抱或觸碰他人的行為有多容易被接受呢？簡單的答案是要全面了解身體接觸方面獨特的文化規(guī)范。基本上，身體接觸以及對觸碰的研究通常被稱為“觸覺學”。交流中的觸覺往往體現出親疏程度，通常可分為兩類：高接觸文化和低接觸文化。

亞洲以及美國、加拿大和英國屬于低接觸文化。來自世界其他地區(qū)(比如拉丁美洲)的人們被認為處于高接觸文化中，他們往往期望在社交互動中有身體接觸,并且對身體上的親近感會更自在。盡管有這樣的分類，但還存在更復雜的情況，比如關系親疏、性別、年齡以及具體情境等因素，都會影響人們對身體接觸的看法。

相比之下，在某些阿拉伯、非洲以及亞洲國家，男性可以在公開場合手牽手或者展現出身體上的親昵舉動，以此作為兄弟情誼或友誼的象征，而在世界其他地方，這些行為可能意味著浪漫關系。盡管在這些文化中男性之間的身體接觸更為平常，但在阿拉伯國家，非親屬關系的異性之間的身體接觸會被負面看待。

【答案自查】

1. D細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中“Basically,physical contact and the study of touching are...Haptics in communication often suggest the level of closeness."可知,交流中的身體 接觸通常暗示著親密程度。故選D項。
2.B細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段中“People from the rest of the world...where they tend to expect touching in social interactions and feel more comfortable with physical closeness." 可知，處于高接觸的文化中的人傾向于在社交互動中期待觸摸，并對身體上的親密感到更 舒服。由此可知，他們把身體接觸作為一種文化規(guī)范。故選B項。
3.B細節(jié)理解題。根據第四段“In contrast...men can publicly hold hands or show physical affection as signs of brotherhood or friendship...”可知,在阿拉伯國家，男性可以在公共場 合通過身體接觸來表達友誼。故選B項。

佳句摘抄

Day 2 以文化人

惡語傷人

"Sticks and stones may break my bones,but words will never harm me," is an old saying my fourth-grade teacher once told me. I grew up thinking as long as people didn't physically hurt each other,hurtful words were to be tolerated,but I changed my mind after reading Linda O'Connell's story Two Little Words with a Big Impact. She discussed two words:"and" and "but",and explained how “but" can be one of the most destructive words.

Then I realized I had been hurt by the word “but",and that I had wounded others,too,by using the word thoughtlessly. For example, when I was a teacher and edited my students' stories,I would always say their content was good,but then I would add comments such as "but you need to make your characters more realistic." I could have said,"Your content is good and making your characters more believable will make it even better.

In setting up guidelines for commenting on writers,I realize we need to praise each other, make helpful remarks, and then praise each other again, without using the word “but". I remember a college professor who said,“There is no such thing as constructive criticism. Criticism is criticism. "She has now passed on,but her words remain with me always.

My fourth-grade teacher's quote was aimed at what she thought was harmless playground teasing,but even teasing hurts. Today,we can read sad news related to many stories where people have been terribly hurt by ugly words and suffered a lot. Now I realize the importance of thinking before speaking,even to avoid seemingly unimportant words like “"but". Sticks and stones break our bones, but thoughtless words also do harm. They can leave marks for a lifetime.

1. What changed the author's attitude to hurtful words?

A. A teacher's advice.
B. His personal experience.
C. A college professor's words.
D. A story by Linda O'Connell.

2.What message does the example in paragraph 2 convey?

A. The author used “but" too often.
B. The author could tolerate criticism.
C. The misuse of “but" can hurt others.
D. Realistic characters are needed in writing.

3. Which words can best describe the author?

A.Honest and warm-hearted.
B. Devoted and co-operative.
C. Optimistic and open-minded.
D. Caring and self-reflective.

4. What's the text mainly about?

A. The benefits of learning from mistakes.
B. The long-lasting effect of hurtful words.
C. The importance of using words thoughtfully.
D. The difference between physical and emotional harm.

閱讀參考

■語篇導讀

本文是一篇議論文。文章作者通過分享自己的經歷、觀察和思考，闡述了對“但是”這個詞的破壞性認識，以及言語可能對人帶來的傷害。

譯文助讀

“棍棒和石頭也許會打斷我的骨頭，但言語永遠傷不了我。”這是我四年級老師曾告訴我的一句古老諺語。在成長過程中，我一直認為只要人們沒有對彼此造成身體傷害，那些傷人的言語就應該被容忍。但在讀了琳達·奧康奈爾(Linda O'Connell)所寫的《兩個小詞，大影響》這篇故事后，我改變了想法。她探討了兩個詞：“和”與“但是”，并解釋了“但是”如何會成為最具破壞力的詞之一。

后來我意識到，我自己也曾被“但是”這個詞傷害過，而且我也曾不假思索地使用這個詞去傷害過別人。例如，當我還是一名教師，批改學生的作文時，我總會先說他們的內容很不錯，但緊接著就會加上諸如“但是你需要讓你的人物形象更貼近現實”之類的評語。其實我本可以說：“你的內容很好，要是能讓人物形象更真實可信，文章就會更出色了。”

在制定對寫作者的評論準則時，我意識到我們需要相互贊美，提出有益的意見，然后再次相互贊美，不要用到“但是”這個詞。我記得一位大學教授曾說過：“根本不存在建設性批評這回事。批評就是批評。”她如今已離世，但她的話卻永遠留在我心中。

我四年級老師引用的那句話，原本是針對她認為無傷大雅的校園玩笑話，但即便只是玩笑，也會傷人。如今，我們能讀到許多令人痛心的新聞，人們被惡毒的言語嚴重傷害，遭受了巨大痛苦。現在我意識到，說話前先思考十分重要，哪怕是為了避免像“但是”這樣看似無關緊要的詞。棍棒和石頭會打斷我們的骨頭，而輕率的言語同樣會造成傷害。它們留下的傷痕可能會伴隨一生。

【答案自查】

1.D細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第一段中“but Ichanged my mind after reading LindaO'Connell's story”可知,在讀了琳達·奧康奈爾所寫的故事《兩個小詞,大影響》后，作者改變了對傷人話語的態(tài)度。故選D。
2.C推理判斷題。根據文章第二段可知，“我”被“但是”這個詞傷害了，而且“我”也因為輕率地使用了這個詞而傷害過別人，并進行舉例說明。因此，第二段中作者舉例是為了告訴我們?yōu)E用“但是”會傷害別人。故選C。
3.D推理判斷題。根據文章第二、三段及最后一段中“NowIrealize the importance ofthinking before speaking”可知,作者通過個人經歷，特別是作為一名教師時對學生作品的評價，認識到了“但是”這個詞的破壞性，并且反思了自己過去無意中用這個詞傷害了他人的情況。這表明作者是一個關心他人，同時也善于自我反思的人。故選D。
4.C主旨大意題。作者通過自己錯誤使用“但是”一詞的經歷,思考并總結出說話前要深思熟慮的道理。同時告訴人們，錯誤的語言也會像棍子和石頭一樣帶來傷害。因此，本文的主旨是強調使用言語時需要深思熟慮，以避免無意中對他人造成傷害。故選C。

Day 3國際視野

戴仿生手套彈鋼琴

Joao Carlos Martins,the 80-year-old Brazilian classical pianist,had lost the ability to play for almost 20 years due to a series of unfortunate events in his life. But everything changed thanks to a pair of special bionic（仿生的） gloves.

He is one of the best pianists alive today. He had already won a contest playing Bach when he was only 8 years old. Then at the peak of his skills, he could play 2l notes per second. However,luck wasn't always on his side. At the age of 24,he suffered an accident that caused nerve damage to his arm. As a result,three of his fingers atrophied(菱縮). Then when he was 55,an accidental brain injury completely paralysed （使癱瘓）his arm.

Joao went through 24 surgeries,but nothing could help his hands,forcing him to stop playing the piano. However,Joao didn't give up on his musical career. He became a conductor in 2003. He couldn't turn the pages in the score,so instead,he just tried his best to memorize every score,note by note. He still played the piano sometimes,but extremely slow, since he could play only one note per second.

That might have been his life, were it not for an engineer who saw the pianist playing live and decided to work out something to help him. After a concert,he approached Joao with the first pair of special bionic gloves. Yet,they didn't work. When the engineer first showed Joao the gloves,he joked that they were for boxing,not to play the piano.

But neither of them gave up,and after testing out several models,the perfect match was created. The gloves provide the necessary support for each finger and can even “tune”" to what he plays.

Joao knows that he might never recover his speed of the past. But he's starting over,as though he were an 8-year-old again. Joao says,it can take years,but he will keep pushing. He won't give up.

1. What can we learn about Joao Carlos Martins from the second paragraph?

A.He lost three fingers during an accident.
B. He showed great talent for the piano as a child.
C.He went through many hardships to succeed.
D. He suffered brain injuries when he was young.

2.What did Joao do after a series of misfortunes?

A.He asked engineers for help.
B. He lost hope for his future life. C. He prepared to give up his dream.
D. He struggled to continue his career.

3.What did Joao think of the first pair of special bionic gloves?

A. They should be improved.
B. They cost too much money.
C. They were too heavy to carry.
D. They could bring fun to his life.

4.Which of the following can best describe Joao Carlos Martins?

A. Smart and helpful.
B. Gifted and confident.
C. Determined and positive.
D. Creative and generous.

閱讀參考

語篇導讀

本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述80歲的巴西古典鋼琴家JoaoCarlos Martins因為一系列不幸事件近20年無法彈奏鋼琴。多虧一位工程師贈送的仿生手套，使他重獲新生，重新彈奏起鋼琴。

譯文助讀

80歲的巴西古典鋼琴家若昂·卡洛斯·馬丁斯，因人生中一系列不幸事件，近20年無法彈奏鋼琴。但多虧了一副特殊的仿生手套，一切都改變了。

他是當今在世的最優(yōu)秀鋼琴家之一。年僅8歲時，他就憑借演奏巴赫的作品贏得了一場比賽。在技藝巔峰時期，他每秒能彈奏21個音符。然而，幸運并非總是眷顧他。24歲時，他遭遇了一場事故，導致手臂神經受損。結果，他的三根手指萎縮了。55歲時，一次意外的腦部受傷使他的手臂完全癱瘓。

若昂經歷了24次手術，但都無法改善他的手部狀況，這迫使他似乎永遠停止了彈奏鋼琴。然而，若昂并未放棄他的音樂事業(yè)。2003年，他成了一名指揮。他無法翻動樂譜，所以只能盡力逐音符地記住每一份樂譜。他有時仍會彈鋼琴，但速度極慢，因為他每秒只能彈奏一個音符。

要不是因為一位工程師看到這位鋼琴家現場演奏并決定研發(fā)些東西來幫助他，這可能就是他的人生了。一場音樂會后，這位工程師帶著第一副特殊的仿生手套找到了若昂。然而，它們并不管用。當工程師第一次給若昂看這副手套時，若昂開玩笑說這是用來拳擊運動的，不是用來彈鋼琴的。

但他們倆都沒有放棄，在測試了幾個型號后，終于打造出了完美適配的手套。這副手套為每根手指提供必要的支撐，甚至能根據他彈奏的內容進行“調校”。

若昂知道自己可能永遠無法恢復到過去的速度。但他重新開始了，就像自己又回到了8歲。若昂說，這可能需要數年時間，但他會不斷努力，絕不放棄。

【答案自查】

1.B推理判斷題。根據第二段第二、三句可知,他在8歲的時候就已經贏得了演奏巴赫作品 的比賽。在他的技術巔峰時期,他可以每秒彈奏21個音符。由此判斷,他小時候就表現出 極大的鋼琴天賦。故選B項。
2.D細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段第二、三句可知,Joao 在一系列不幸之后努力繼續(xù)他的事業(yè)。 故選D項。
3.A推理判斷題。根據第四段最后三句和第六段中“But neither of them gave up,and after testing out several models,the perfect match was created.”可知,Joao 認為第一副特殊的 仿生手套應該改進。故選A項。
4.C推理判斷題。通讀全文以及根據第三段中“However,Joao didn't give up on his musical career.He became a conductor in 2003.”，第四段最后一句和最后一段中“He won't give up.”可推知,Joao Carlos Martins 是堅定且積極樂觀的。故選C項。

Day4經典名著

《人性的柳鎖》(節(jié)選）

Philip thought occasionally of the King's School at Tercanbury,and laughed to himself as he remembered what at some particular moment of the day they were doing. Now and then he dreamed that he was there still,and it gave him an extraordinary satisfaction,on awaking,to realise that he was in his little room in the turret. From his bed he could see the great cumulus clouds that hung in the blue sky. He revelled in his freedom. He could go to bed when he chose and get up when the fancy took him. There was no one to order him about. It struck him that he need not tell any more lies.

It had been arranged that Professor Erlin should teach him Latin and German; a Frenchman came every day to give him lessons in French; and the Frau Professor had recommended for mathematics an Englishman who was taking a philological degree at the university. This was a man named Wharton. Philip went to him every morning. He lived in one room on the top floor of a shabby house. It was dirty and untidy, and it was filled with a pungent odour made up of many different stinks. He was generally in bed when Philip arrived at ten o'clock,and he jumped out,put on a filthy dressing-gown and felt slippers,and, while he gave instruction, ate his simple breakfast. He was a short man, stout from excessive beer drinking,with a heavy moustache and long,unkempt hair. He had been in Germany for five years and was become very Teutonic. He spoke with scorn of Cambridge where he had taken his degree and with horror of the life which awaited him when,having taken his doctorate in Heidelberg,he must return to England and start a pedagogic career. He adored the life of the German university with its happy freedom and its jolly companionship. He was a member of a Burschenschaft ,and promised to take Philip to a Kneipe. He was very poor and made no secret that the lessons he was giving Philip meant the difference between meat for his dinner and bread and cheese. Sometimes after a heavy night he had such a headache that he could not drink his coffee,and he gave his lesson with heaviness of spirit. For these occasions he kept a few bottles of beer under the bed,and one of these and a pipe would help him to bear the burden of life.

“"A hair of the dog that bit {him} ," he would say as he poured out the beer,carefully so that the foam should not make him wait too long to drink.

Then he would talk to Philip of the university, the quarrels between rival corps, the duels,and the merits of this and that professor. Philip learnt more of life from him than of mathematics. Sometimes Wharton would sit back with a laugh and say:

英語·選擇性必修第一冊

"Look here, we've not done anything today. You needn't pay me for the lesson."

"Oh,it doesn't matter,”" said Philip.

This was something new and very interesting,and he felt that it was of greater import than trigonometry, which he never could understand. It was like a window on life that he had a chance of peeping through,and he looked with a wildly beating heart.

"No,you can keep your dirty money," said Wharton.

"But how about your dinner?" said Philip, with a smile,for he knew exactly how his master's finances stood.

Wharton had even asked him to pay him the two shillings which the lesson cost once a week rather than once a month,since it made things less complicated.

"Oh,never mind my dinner. It won't be the first time I've dined off a bottle of beer,and my mind's never clearer than when I do."

He dived under the bed (the sheets were gray with want of washing),and fished out another bottle. Philip, who was young and did not know the good things of life,refused to share it with him, so he drank alone.

"How long are you going to stay here?" asked Wharton.

Both he and Philip had given up with relief the pretence of mathematics.

"Oh,I don't know. I suppose about a year. Then my people want me to go to Oxford."

Wharton gave a contemptuous shrug of the shoulders. It was a new experience for Philip to learn that there were persons who did not look upon that seat of learning with awe.

"What do you want to go there for? You'll only be a glorified schoolboy. Why don't you matriculate here? A year's no good. Spend five years here. You know, there are two good things in life,freedom of thought and freedom of action. In France you get freedom of action: you can do what you like and nobody bothers, but you must think like everybody else. In Germany you must do what everybody else does,but you may think as you choose. They're both very good things. I personally prefer freedom of thought. But in England you get neither: you're ground down by convention. You can't think as you like and you can't act as you like. That's because it's a democratic nation. I expect America's worse. "

He leaned back cautiously,for the chair on which he sat had a rickety leg,and it was disconcerting when a rhetorical flourish was interrupted by a sudden fall to the floor.

“"I ought to go back to England this year,but if I can scrape together enough to keep body and soul on speaking terms I shall stay another twelve months. But then I shall have to go.

And I must leave all this"—-he waved his arm round the dirty garret, with its unmade bed,the clothes lying on the floor,a row of empty beer bottles against the wall, piles of unbound, ragged books in every corner—“for some provincial university where I shall try and get a chair of philology. And I shall play tennis and go to tea-parties." He interrupted himself and gave Philip, very neatly dressed, with a clean collar on and his hair well-brushed,a quizzical look. "And,my God! I shall have to wash."

Philip reddened, feeling his own spruceness an intolerable reproach; for of late he had begun to pay some attention to his toilet,and he had come out from England with a pretty selection of ties.

The summer came upon the country like a conqueror. Each day was beautiful. The sky had an arrogant blue which goaded the nerves like a spur. The green of the trees in the Anlage was violent and crude;and the houses, when the sun caught them,had a dazzling white which stimulated till it hurt. Sometimes on his way back from Wharton Philip would sit in the shade on one of the benches in the Anlage,enjoying the coolness and watching the patterns of light which the sun,shining through the leaves,made on the ground. His soul danced with delight as gaily as the sunbeams. He revelled in those moments of idleness stolen from his work. Sometimes he sauntered through the streets of the old town. He looked with awe at the students of the corps,their cheeks gashed and red, who swaggered about in their coloured caps. In the afternoons he wandered about the hills with the girls in the Frau Professor's house,and sometimes they went up the river and had tea in a leafy beer-garden. In the evenings they walked round and round the Stadtgarten,listening to the band.

Philip soon learned the various interests of the household. Fraulein Thekla, the professor's elder daughter, was engaged to a man in England who had spent twelve months in the house to learn German,and their marriage was to take place at the end of the year. But the young man wrote that his father, an india-rubber merchant who lived in Slough, did not approve of the union,and Fraulein Thekla was often in tears. Sometimes she and her mother might be seen,with stern eyes and determined mouths,looking over the letters of the reluctant lover. Thekla painted in water colour,and occasionally she and Philip, with another of the girls to keep them company,would go out and paint little pictures.

閱讀參考

語篇導讀

《人性的柳鎖》是英國作家毛姆的代表作之一，帶有濃厚的自傳色彩。小說以主人公菲利普的成長歷程為主線，他身有殘疾，自幼父母雙亡，在冷漠的環(huán)境中成長，歷經求學、愛情、事業(yè)的種種磨難與挫折。菲利普不斷探索人生的意義,努力掙脫宗教、傳統(tǒng)觀念、情感欲望等重重柳鎖，在這個過程中逐漸認識自我和世界。小說通過菲利普的經歷，展現了19世紀末20世紀初英國社會的廣闊畫卷，探討了人性、愛情、理想、信仰等深刻主題。毛姆以其敏銳的觀察力和深刻的心理剖析,展現了人性的復雜與矛盾，揭示了生活的殘酷與無奈。書中對社會現實、人性弱點的描繪真實而深刻，同時也傳遞出對自由、平等、寬容等價值觀的追求，引發(fā)讀者對人生與人性的深入思考，具有很高的文學價值和思想深度。

譯文助讀

菲利普偶爾也想到特坎伯雷皇家公學，每逢回想起以前他們在一天當中的某個時刻正在干些什么，他就不禁暗自發(fā)笑。他時常夢見自己仍然待在那兒，等到一覺睡醒，意識到自己是躺在角樓上的小房間里，心頭立刻感到一種不同尋常的滿足。他從床上就能看見飄浮在藍天里的大團積云。他盡情享受著自由的樂趣。他想什么時候睡覺就什么時候睡覺，愛什么時候起床就什么時候起床。再也沒有人把他差來遣去。他突然想到往后再也用不著撒謊了。

根據安排，由歐林教授來教菲利普拉丁語和德語；一個法國人每天上門來給他上法語課；教授夫人另外推薦了一個英國人教他數學。這個人名叫沃頓，眼下正在大學攻讀語言學學位。菲利普每天早晨上他那兒去。他住在一幢破敗失修的房子的頂樓上,那房間又臟又亂，里面充滿一股刺鼻的怪味，是各種污物所散發(fā)出的形形色色的臭氣。菲利普十點鐘來到這兒的時候，沃頓通常還沒有起床，接著便一躍而起，披上一件臟兮兮的晨衣,穿上一雙毛氈拖鞋，一邊吃著簡單的早餐，一邊就開始講授。他個子矮矮的，由于啤酒喝得太多而變得大腹便便，留著濃密的口和一頭亂蓬蓬的長發(fā)。他在德國待了五年，已經變得很日耳曼化了。他得過劍橋大學的學位，但提到那所大學時，總是帶著鄙夷的口氣；在海德堡大學取得博士學位后，他必須返回英國，開始教書的生涯。他很喜愛德國大學的生活，無拘無束，逍遙自在，可以跟朋友們歡快地交往。他是大學生聯(lián)合會的會員，答應帶菲利普到小酒館去。他十分窮困，對菲利普也毫不掩飾，說給他上課直接關系到自己的午餐究竟是吃肉以飽口腹，還是嚼面包和奶酪充饑。有時他夜晚飲酒過度，第二天頭疼得連杯咖啡也喝不下，就昏頭聾腦地給菲利普上課。為了應付這種場合，他在床底下藏了幾瓶啤酒，一瓶酒外加一斗煙，就可以幫助他承受生活的重負。

“解酒還須杯中物。”他往往一邊給自己倒啤酒，一邊這么說。他倒得十分小心，不讓酒面泛起好多泡沫，耽誤自己喝酒的時間。

隨后他就對菲利普談起海德堡大學里的情況，什么相互敵對的校友會之間的爭吵、決斗，還有這位那位教授的長處。菲利普從他那兒學到的人情世故要比學到的數學還多。有時候，沃頓往椅背上一靠，笑著說：

“嘿，咱們今兒什么都沒干，這一課你用不著付給我錢啦。”

“噢，沒關系。”菲利普說。

沃頓講的事既新鮮，又十分有趣，菲利普覺得那比三角學更為重要，這門學科他怎么學也搞不明白。現在眼前好像打開了一扇生活的窗戶，他有機會憑窗朝里面窺視，而且一邊偷看，一邊心兒狂跳不已。

“不行，還是把你的臭錢留著吧。”沃頓說。

“那你午餐吃什么呢？”菲利普笑吟吟地說，因為他對這位老師的經濟情況一清二楚。

沃頓甚至要求菲利普把每節(jié)課兩先令的費用，從每月一付改為每周一付，這樣算起錢來可以簡單一些。

“哦，別管我吃些什么。喝瓶啤酒當飯，又不是頭一回。這樣我的頭腦反而比任何時候都更清醒。”

說完，他一骨碌鉆到床底下(床上的床單由于不常洗滌，已經顯現出了灰色)，又掏出一瓶啤酒來。菲利普年紀還輕，不懂得生活中的美妙情趣，不肯同他舉杯對飲，于是他又獨自喝起來了。

“你打算在這兒待多久？”沃頓問。

他和菲利普兩個人已把數學這塊裝門面的幌子扔開了，心里感到十分輕松。

“噢，我也不知道，大概一年左右吧。然后家里人要我去牛津念書。”

沃頓輕蔑地聳了聳肩膀。菲利普生平還是頭一次看到有人競然對那樣一所堂堂學府毫無敬畏之心。

“你到那兒去干什么？無非是鍍鍍金，外表顯得光鮮而已。為什么不在這兒上大學呢？一年時間沒有用,得花上五年時間。要知道，生活中有兩樣寶貴的東西:思想自由和行動自由。在法國，你有行動的自由，可以愛做什么就做什么，誰也不會來干涉，但是你的思想必須跟其他人一致。在德國，你的行動必須跟其他人一致,但是你可以愛怎么想就怎么想。這兩樣東西都很寶貴。就我個人而言，更喜歡思想上的自由。然而在英國，兩項自由都沒有：你遭到陳規(guī)積習的壓制，既不能無拘無束地思想，又不能隨心所欲地行動。這就因為它是個民主國家。我看美國的情況更糟。”

他小心翼翼地朝后靠著，因為他坐的那把椅子一條腿有點兒搖晃，要是在他言辭華麗地說得興起的當兒，猛然一屁股摔在地上，豈不狼不堪。

“今年我得回英國去，但如果能積攢點錢，勉強可以糊口，我就在這兒再待一年。然后，我就不得不回去，必須丟下所有這些東西。”他伸出手臂朝那間骯臟的頂樓四下一揮。床鋪沒有

英語·選擇性必修第一冊

收拾整齊，衣服就放在地板上，靠墻是一排空啤酒瓶,每個角落里都堆著封面脫落的破書。“到某個地方大學去，設法搞個語言學教授的職位。到時候我還要打打網球，各處參加茶會。”他突然住嘴不說了,異地看了菲利普一眼。菲利普穿戴整齊,衣領十分干凈,頭發(fā)梳得紋絲不亂。“喲，天哪！我得洗一下臉了。”

菲利普頓時漲紅了臉，覺得自己整潔漂亮的樣子竟受到了令人難以忍受的責備。他近來也注意起穿著打扮來，離開英國的時候帶了幾條經過精心挑選的好看的領帶。

夏天像個征服者似的來到了這個國家。每天都是晴朗的好天氣。碧藍的天空透出一股傲氣,像踢馬刺一樣刺痛人的神經。街心花園里的樹木，青蔥翠綠，濃烈扎眼;那一排排房屋，在陽光的照射下，閃現出炫目的白光，刺激著你的感官，最終使你難以忍受。有時菲利普從沃頓那兒出來，回去的路上就在街心花園的樹蔭底下找條長凳坐下來乘涼，一面觀賞著耀眼的陽光透過繁枝茂葉在地面上形成的光亮的圖案。他的心靈也像陽光那樣歡喜雀躍。他盡情享受著這種忙里偷閑的時光。有時菲利普在這座古老城市的街上悠然漫步。他用敬畏的目光瞧著那些大學生聯(lián)合會的學生，他們的臉上劃了好多條口子，血淋淋的，頭上戴著五顏六色的帽子，在街上昂首闊步。下午，他總跟教授太太宅子里的姑娘們一起在山坡上閑逛。有時候，他們沿著河岸朝上游走去，在綠樹成蔭的露天啤酒店里用茶點。晚上,他們在市立公園里來回轉悠,聆聽樂隊的演奏。

菲利普不久就知道了住在這幢房子的人各自所關注的問題。教授的大女兒特克拉小姐跟一個英國人訂了婚，那人曾在這所宅子里待過一年，專門學習德語，他們的婚禮原定于年底舉行。可是那個年輕人來信說，他父親(一個住在斯勞的橡膠商人)不同意這門親事，因此特克拉小姐經常眼淚汪汪。有時候，可以看到她和她的母親目光嚴厲,嘴巴抿得緊緊的，仔細地閱讀著那位無可奈何的情人的來信。特克拉會畫水彩畫,偶爾她跟菲利普，再由另一位姑娘陪同，一起到戶外去寫生。

■佳句摘抄

Day5中國元素

大熊貓圓夢返回中國

French first lady Brigitte Macron appeared to have strong feelings when she paid a surprise three-hour visit on Wednesday to her “godson" Yuan Meng,a giant panda in the Beauval Park Zoo,about 200 kilometers south-west of Paris.

"The first giant panda born in France on Aug 4,2017. Yuan Meng is going to return to China's Giant Panda Research and Reproduction Center in Chengdu on July 4 to join in the conservation program and breed with an unrelated female",zoo director Rodolphe Delord said.

"Yuan Meng will soon go back to China, That's why I wanted to be here today," said the wife of French President Emmanuel Macron, who was accompanied by Secretary of State for Ecology Berangere Couillard. “I will try to go to see him maybe once there. But now,I have a little pinch(擰）in my heart."

Yuan Meng was born to his parents Yuan Zi and Huan Huan, who arrived in France in 2012.

"I have known Yuan Meng for five and a half years,and every time I see him,this same emotion comes back,”" said Brigitte, who is known as Yuan Meng's “godmother","We look at it and we don't want to be anywhere else. But why,I don't know. "

Yuan Meng survived after his birth in 2017,but his fragile twin brother,born 14 minutes earlier,unfortunately died just a few hours after birth,

Beauval Park Zoo announced Yuan Meng's leaving the zoo in May. A zoo public relations official said that they are planning a goodbye event for Yuan Meng's fans,but the date has yet to be decided.

The French first lady also went to see Yuandudu and Huanlili,twin panda sisters of Yuan Meng born in the zoo on Aug 2,2021.

French football star Kylian Mbappe and Chinese Olympic diving gold medalist Zhang Jiaqi were named “godfather” and “godmother” of the twins, while attending the naming ceremony for the twins in November 2021.

1. Why will Yuan Meng be brought back to China?

A.To receive treatment.
B. To release it into the wild.
C. To live in a better environment.
D. To take part in the conservation program.

2. Which can replace the underlined word “fragile" in paragraph 6?

A. Thin. B. Weak.
C. Fat. D. Strong.

3.What do we know about Yuandudu and Huanlili according to the text?

A.They are four years older than Yuan Meng.
B. The French first lady attended their naming ceremony.
C. French football star Kylian Mbappe is their “godfather".
D. They were born in Chengdu and arrived in France in 2012.

4.Which can serve as the best title for the news report?

A.French First LadyVisits Giant Panda "Godson"
B.French First Lady Looks After Giant Panda “Godson"
C. French First Lady Has Pity on Giant Panda “Godson"
D. French First Lady Known as Yuan Meng's “Godmother"

閱讀參考

語篇導讀

本文是新聞報道，介紹了法國第一夫人布麗吉特·馬克龍對法國誕生的第一只大熊貓圓夢進行的訪問,圓夢將返回中國參與保護計劃。法國足球明星姆巴佩和中國奧運跳水金牌得主張家齊在命名儀式上被任命為雙胞胎的“教父”和“教母”。

譯文助讀

周三，法國第一夫人布麗吉特·馬克龍(Brigitte Macron)意外到訪位于巴黎西南約200公里處博瓦爾公園動物園的“教子”——大熊貓“圓夢”。在約三小時的探望過程中，她難掩深情。

動物園園長羅道夫·德洛爾德（Rodolphe Delord)介紹說：“‘圓夢”是2017年8月4日在法國出生的首只大熊貓。它將于7月4日返回中國成都大熊貓繁育研究基地，加入大熊貓保護計劃，并與一只無血緣關系的雌性大熊貓繁衍后代。”

法國總統(tǒng)埃馬紐埃爾·馬克龍(Emmanuel Macron)的夫人在法國生態(tài)國務秘書貝朗熱爾·庫亞爾（BerangereCouillard)的陪同下表示：‘圓夢”很快就要回中國了，這就是我今天想來這兒的原因。我或許會找機會去中國看望它。但此刻，我的心里有點不是滋味。”

“圓夢”的父母“圓仔”和“歡歡”于2012年抵達法國，“圓夢”由此誕生。

被稱為“圓夢”“教母”的布麗吉特說：“我認識“圓夢”五年半了，每次見到它，同樣的情感都會涌上心頭。我們看著它，就哪兒都不想去了。但為什么會這樣，我也不清楚。”

2017年，“圓夢”出生后存活下來，然而，比它早出生14分鐘的雙胞胎兄弟卻因體質脆弱，不幸在出生幾小時后天折。

博瓦爾公園動物園5月宣布了“圓夢”即將離開的消息。動物園一位公關人員表示，他們正計劃為“圓夢”的粉絲舉辦一場告別活動，具體日期尚未確定。

法國第一夫人還看望了“圓夢”的雙胞胎妹妹“圓嘟嘟”和“歡黎黎”，它們于2021年8月2日在該動物園出生。

2021年11月，在“圓嘟嘟”和“歡黎黎”的命名儀式上，法國足球明星基利安·姆巴佩(Kylian Mbappe)和中國奧運跳水冠軍張家齊分別被任命為這對雙胞胎的“教父”和“教母”。

【答案自查】

1. D推理判斷題。根據第二段中的“...to join in the conservation program and breed with an unrelated female”可知，“圓夢”回中國的目的是加入大熊貓保護計劃，故選D項。
2.B詞義猜測題。根據該詞后的“...born 14 minutes earlier,unfortunately died just a few hoursafterbirth”可知，該詞是“虛弱的”的意思。故選B項。
3.C細節(jié)理解題。根據最后一段“French football star Kylian Mbappe and Chinese Olympic diving gold medalist Zhang Jiaqi were named égodfather’ and ‘godmother’ of the twins, while attending the naming ceremony for the twins in November 2021."可知,法國足球明 星Kylian Mbappe是其“教父”,故選C項。
4.A標題歸納題。根據全文及第一段中的“French first lady Brigitte Macron appeared to have strong feelings when she paid a surprise three-hour visit..."可知文章主要講了法國 第一夫人訪問大熊貓“圓夢”，故選A項。

Day 6 詞句回顧 遷移運用

詞匯采

\* Day 1

1. affection n.喜愛；鐘愛
2. thoroughly adv.完全地；徹底地
3. restrict v.限制;約束
4. perceive v.認為；察覺

\ast Day 2

1. wound v.使(心靈)受傷；傷感情；使 (身體)受傷

2. guideline n.指導方針，指導原則
3. criticism n.批評,指責;評論
4. quote n.原話
5. tease v.戲弄，逗弄

\ast Day 3

1.contest n.比賽，競賽 v.對··.·.·提出質疑；爭取 贏得

2. nerve n.神經；勇氣，氣魄
3. force v.強迫，迫使；使發(fā)生
n.力量；武力
4.conductor n.指揮；售票員
5. extremely adv.極其,非常

\* Day 4

1. shabby adj.破舊的；衣衫檻樓的
2. peep \boldsymbol{v}. 窺視
3. flourish n .夸張動作；深刻印象的行
動;華麗辭藻
4. interrupt \mathit{v.} 打擾，使中斷
5.awe n .驚嘆；敬畏

\* Day 5

1. conservation n .保護；保持
2. breed v.繁殖；培育
3. accompany v.陪伴,陪同
4. emotion n .強烈的情感；情緒
5. ceremony n.典禮,儀式

短語串記

1.由 act as 串記“v.十as"的短語(Day 1)

2.由makeupof串記“由·…...·組成"的短語（Day4)

be made up of 由.....組成becomposedof由....組成
be comprised of 由....組成consist of 由···組成(不用于被動語態(tài)和進行時態(tài))
make up 組成(主語為部分)

多維探究

I.一詞多義

1.referv.提到,談到;參考,征詢;涉及,與·…..-相關(Day1)

_自我檢測]寫出黑體部分的含義

(1)I promised not to refer to the matter again.
(2)The term “Arts" usually refers to humanities and social sciences.
(3)If you come across some unfamiliar words, you can refer to the dictionary.

英語·選擇性必修第一冊

2.engagev.參加，參與；吸引住；雇用，聘用(Day4)

[自我檢測]寫出黑體部分的含義

(1) We'd be able to engage local people as volunteers.
(2)0nly 10% of American adults engage in regular exercise.
(3) The toy didn't engage her interest for long.

Ⅱ.熟詞生義

1.note[熟義] \mathit{v.} 記下 n. 筆記,記錄[生義］n.音調,音符;特征,調子,口氣.注意，留意(Day 3)[自我檢測]寫出黑體部分的詞性及含義

(1)There was a note of doubt in her voice.
(2)Please note that the bill must be paid within ten days.
(3)She has a good voice but has trouble hitting the high notes.
(4)Dave made a note of her address and phone number.

2.fish［熟義］n.魚;魚肉.捕魚,釣魚[生義］v.摸找;探聽,探問(Day 4)

[自我檢測]寫出黑體部分的含義

(1)"Are you here with your wife?" she asked,fishing.
(2)She fished around in her purse and pulled out a photo.
(3)People usually drink white wine with fish.

Ⅲ.詞匯變形

1.norm n.常態(tài),規(guī)范 \rightarrow adj.正常的,平常的 \rightarrow adv.通常，平常 \rightarrow adj.不正常的,反常的

2.classifyv.將.....分類 \rightarrow n.歸類，分類 \rightarrow adj.（資料、文件等)保密的

3.interactv.交流；相互作用 \rightarrow n.交流；相互影響 \rightarrow adj.交互的,互動的

4.definitelyadv.確切地，肯定地 \rightarrow adj.肯定的,確定的 \rightarrow n.定義,釋義 \rightarrow v.確定,說明；下定義

5.destructiveadv.毀滅性的 \rightarrow adv.毀滅性地 \rightarrow n.破壞,摧毀 \rightarrow .毀滅

6.realisticadj.現實的，實際的→ adj.真的,真正的→ v.實現；意識到 \rightarrow n.真實,現實

7.constructive adj.建設性的 \rightarrow n.建筑公司，建筑商 \rightarrow n.建筑，建造 \rightarrow .建造,建筑

8. nerve n .神經；焦慮 \rightarrow adj.神經緊張的 \rightarrow adv.神經緊張地

9.accidentaladj.偶然的，意外的 \rightarrow adv.意外地→ n.偶然；失事

10.injury n .傷害，損害 \rightarrow v.弄傷，受傷 \rightarrow adj.受傷的

難句研讀

1. In contrast,in certain Arabian,African,and Asian countries,men can publicly hold hands or show physical affection as signs of brotherhood or friendship while these behaviours may suggest a romantic relationship in other parts of the world. (Day 1)

[剖析］此句是while 連接的表示 的并列句,對比的兩部分分別是incertainArabian,African,and Asian countries 和 。該句中的 as 詞性為 ，意為66 ";suggest 意為“ ）
[翻譯]

2. That might have been his life, were it not for an engineer who saw the pianist playing live and decided to work out something to help him. (Day 3)

[剖析]此句為特殊句式:省略了 If,將助動詞 were 提到主語之前。在If 條件句中使用虛擬
語氣表達一種假設。該句主句為 ,如果 If不省略應為 ,后接who引導的 從句。be for 意為“ 99
[翻譯]

參考答案

【多維探究】

I.1.(1)提到（2)與·…·相關(3)參考,征詢2.(1)雇用,聘用（2)參加,參與（3)吸引住
\ensuremath{\mathbb{I}}.1.(1)n .調子，口氣 (2)v. 注意，留意 (3)n .音調 (4)n .筆記，記錄 2.(1)v. 探聽，探問 (2)v. 摸找 (3)n .魚肉
Ⅲ. 1. normal; normally;abnormal 2. classification; classified 3. interaction; interactive 4. definite;definition;define 5. destructively;destroy;destruction 6. real; realize;reality 7. constructor; construction; construct 8. nervous; nervously 9. accidentally; accident 10. injure;injured

【難句研讀】

1.剖析：對比;inother partsof theworld;介詞；作為；暗示，言下之意是說翻譯:相比之下,在某些阿拉伯、非洲以及亞洲國家,男性可以在公開場合手牽手或者展現身體上的親呢舉動,以此作為兄弟情誼或友誼的象征,而在世界其他地方，這些行為可能意味著浪漫關系。
2.剖析:That might have been his life;If it were not for an engineer;定語;因為,由于翻譯：要不是因為一位工程師看到這位鋼琴家現場演奏并決定研發(fā)些東西來幫助他，這可能就是他的人生了。

主題8 關注農業(yè)

Day 1 時文在線

未來可持續(xù)村莊

The sustainable village of the future,if Martina Wiedemar and Joao Almeida have any say about it, will have solar panels,earthen buildings,and a form of regenerative agriculture that copies nature to produce climate-friendly food. The field hands who work there will earn wages well above what's standard for this rural area of Portugal. There will be coworking space with fast internet. “The life can be easy," Mr. Almeida says of his family's project, which they call Gandum Village.

Buying local is one goal of a a new project call Rural Revive,a private conservation effort where tourists stay in fashionable, low-impact rooms—and the project is developing into a service center for a desert economy. But the purpose of Rural Revive is not just economic. At the same time,it trains locals such as Elrico Bekeur in horticulture(園藝） and enterprise.

Reinhold Magundu began Rural Revive when he remembers sitting by a bonfire,listening to his father tell him about the forest and birds of his birthplace in his country. Those village fires lit a desire in him to restore and generate the earth and wildlife that he could only imagine.“I believe it's time we start building beautiful stories about the future and use those stories of the future to address our current problem," he says.

Mr. Bekeur grows a garden with an irrigation system feeding a jungle of greenery with the knowledge he has learned fro Rural Revive about growing fruits and vegetables in the desert earth.“I'm hoping in my heart that my neighborhood will all start growing their own produce,their own food for themselves," he says.

But unlike past Utopian collectives,ecovillages like Gandum Village and Rural Revive are decidedly practical. “Ultimately, we all have to be living in ecovillages," says Daniel Greenberg."They're not isolating themselves fro the mainstream world;they want the public to come and stay a while—or at least buy their produce. They're trying to create culture, stories about how we live locally and globally in harmony with each other and the planet. "

1. What does paragraph 1 focus on?

A. All jobs will be carried out remotely.
B. A sustainable life can be enjoyable.
C. Climate is friendly to agriculture.
D. Eco-friendly villages need high-paid farmers.

2. What is the intention of Reinhold's Rural Revive?

A. To recall his past childhood life.
B. To gain economic profits. C. To solve various global issues.
D. To attract tourists to the deserts.

3.How did Mr.Bekeur benefit from Rural Revive?

A. Getting financial support for his greenhouse.
B. Receiving training of planting in desserts.
C. Cooperating in building his irrigation system.
D. Growing enough food for his community.

閱讀參考

語篇導讀

本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了未來可持續(xù)村莊的概念，特別是GandumVillage和Rural Revive項目，它們代表了一種結合生態(tài)、經濟和社會目標的實踐性。展示了這些項目如何通過實際行動來應對當前的環(huán)境和社會問題，同時為未來創(chuàng)造積極的愿景。

譯文助讀

要是瑪蒂娜·維德馬爾和若昂·阿爾梅達能做主，未來的可持續(xù)村莊會有太陽能板、土壞建筑，還會采用一種模仿自然的再生農業(yè)模式，生產對氣候友好的食物。在那里勞作的田間工人,薪資將遠高于葡萄牙這個鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)的標準。村里還會有配備高速網絡的共享辦公空間。“生活可以很愜意，”阿爾梅達先生談到自家名為甘杜姆村的項目時說道。

購買本地產品是“鄉(xiāng)村復興”這個新項目的目標之一。這是一項民間保護行動，游客可以入住時尚且環(huán)保的房間，而該項目正發(fā)展成為沙漠經濟的服務中心。但“鄉(xiāng)村復興”的目的不止于經濟層面。與此同時，它還為埃爾里科·貝庫爾這樣的當地人提供園藝和企業(yè)經營方面的培訓。

萊因霍爾德·馬貢杜記得自己曾坐在篝火旁，聽父親講述他祖國出生地的森林與飛鳥，就在那時，他開啟了“鄉(xiāng)村復興”項目。那些鄉(xiāng)村篝火點燃了他內心的渴望，他想要恢復并培育那些他只能想象的土地與野生動物。“我覺得是時候開始構建關于未來的美好故事，并用這些未來故事來解決當下的問題了，”他說。

貝庫爾先生利用從“鄉(xiāng)村復興”學到的在沙漠土地種植果蔬的知識，打造了一座花園，通過灌溉系統(tǒng)滋養(yǎng)著郁郁蔥蔥的植物。“我真心希望鄰居們都能開始自己種植農產品，自己種糧食，”他說。

但與過去的烏托邦式社群不同，像甘杜姆村和“鄉(xiāng)村復興”這樣的生態(tài)村非常務實。“最終，我們都得生活在生態(tài)村里，”丹尼爾·格林伯格說，它們并不與主流世界隔絕，反而希望公眾來住上一陣子，或者至少購買他們的農產品。它們試圖創(chuàng)造一種文化，講述我們如何在本地和全球層面，與彼此以及地球和諧共處的故事。”

【答案自查】

1.B推理判斷題。Mr.Almeida 在描述 Gandum Village 時強調的是可持續(xù)的生活可以是令人愉快的。文章中提到,“The life can be easy,Mr. Almeida says of his family's project,which they call Gandum Village.”這表明他強調的是在 Gandum Village 的生活不僅可持續(xù)，而且是輕松和愉快的。故選B項。
2.C細節(jié)理解題。第三段中 Mangundu 提到,“I believe it's time we start building beautifulstories about the future and use those stories of the future to address our currentproblems,”,這表明他啟動Rural Revive不僅是為了經濟利益，更是為了應對當前的全球性問題。故選C項。
3.B細節(jié)理解題。根據第四段中的“Mr.Bekeur grows a garden...”可知,“Mr.Bekeur 從Rural Revive"項目中受益，接受了在沙漠地區(qū)種植水果和蔬菜的知識培訓。故選B項。

Day 2 以文化人

保護家園

As a young girl growing up in France,Sarah Toumi dreamed of becoming a leader who could make the world a better place. Her passion to help others was awakened when,from the age of nine,she accompanied her Tunisian father to his birthplace in the east of the country during holidays. There she organized homework clubs and activities for children.

Toumi witnessed first-hand the destructive effect of desertification (沙漠化）.“Within 10 years rich farmers became worse off,and in 10 years from now they will be poor. I wanted to stop the Sahara Desert in its tracks." A decrease in average rainfall and an increase in the severity of droughts have led to an estimated 75 per cent of Tunisia's agricultural lands being threatened by desertification.

Toumi recognized that farming practices needed to be changed. She is confident that small land areas can bring large returns if farmers are able to adapt by planting sustainable crops, using new technologies for water treatment and focusing on natural products and fertilizers （肥料）rather than chemicals.

In 2012,Toumi continued her dream to fight the desert. She moved to Tunisia,and set up a programme named Acacias for All to put her sustainable farming philosophy into action.“I want to show young people in rural areas that they can create opportunities where they are. Nobody is better able to understand the impact of desertification and climate change than somebody who is living with no access to water. "

By September 2016,more than 130,000 acacia trees had been planted on 20 pilot farms, with farmers recording a 60 per cent survival rate. Toumi estimates that some 3 million acacia trees are needed to protect Tunisia's farmland. She expects to plant 1 million trees by 2028. In the next couple of years, Toumi hopes to extend the programme to Algeria and Morocco.

1. How did Toumi's holiday trips to Tunisia influence her?

A. They fired her enthusiasm for helping others.
B. They helped her better understand her father.
C.They made her decide toleave the country.
D. They destroyed her dream of being a teacher.

2.What is the main cause of the desertification of Tunisia's farmland?

A. Cold weather. B. Soil pollution.
C. Low rainfall. D. Forest damage.

3. Why did Toumi set up Acacias for All in Tunisia?

A. To create job opportunities for young people.
B.To promote the protection of their farmland.
C.To persuade the farmers not to use fertilizers.
D.To help the children obtain a basic education.

4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A.Saving Water in Africa B. Fighting Poverty in North Africa C.Holding Back the Sahara D. Planting Trees in Tunisia

閱讀參考

語篇導讀

本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了主人公圖米在假期陪伴父親回突尼斯東部的出生地后，激發(fā)了她要幫助當地人的熱情，由此創(chuàng)立了Acacias for All項目，種植金合歡樹，保護當地農田免遭撒哈拉沙漠吞噬，實踐其可持續(xù)農業(yè)的理念。

■譯文助讀

薩拉·圖米在法國長大，還是個小女孩的時候，她就夢想成為一名能讓世界變得更美好的領導者。從9歲起，每逢假期她都會陪突尼斯裔的父親前往他位于突尼斯東部的出生地,在那里，她為孩子們組織作業(yè)輔導俱樂部和活動，也就是在那時，她幫助他人的熱情被激發(fā)了。

圖米直接目睹了沙漠化的破壞性影響。“短短10年，富裕的農民生活每況愈下，而再過10 年,他們就會陷入貧困。我想阻止撒哈拉沙漠繼續(xù)擴張。”平均降水量的減少和干旱程度的加劇，導致突尼斯約 75% 的農田面臨沙漠化的威脅。

圖米意識到，農耕方式需要改變。她堅信，如果農民能夠做出調整，種植可持續(xù)作物，采用新型水處理技術，專注于天然產品和肥料而非化學制品，小塊土地也能帶來豐厚回報。

2012年，圖米繼續(xù)追逐她對抗沙漠的夢想。她搬到突尼斯，設立了一個名為“全民金合歡”的項目，將她的可持續(xù)農耕理念付諸實踐。“我想讓農村地區(qū)的年輕人明白，他們可以就地創(chuàng)造機會。沒有人比那些生活用水都難以保障的人，更能理解沙漠化和氣候變化的影響。”

到2016年9月,20個試點農場已種植了13萬多棵金合歡樹，據農民記錄，樹木成活率達60% 。圖米估計，要保護突尼斯的農田，大約需要300萬棵金合歡樹。她期望到2028年能種下100萬棵樹。在接下來的幾年里，圖米希望將該項目推廣到阿爾及利亞和摩洛哥。

【答案自查】

1.A 根據第一段中“Her passion to help others was awakened when,from the age of nine, she accompanied her Tunisian father to his birthplace in the east of the country during holidays.”可知,圖米去突尼斯度假的經歷喚醒了她幫助他人的熱情。故選A項。
2.C細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段最后一句“A decrease in average rainfall and...”可知,降雨 量少是突尼斯農田沙漠化的主要原因。故選C項。
3.B根據倒數第二段第二句“She moved to Tunisia,and set up...”和最后一段中“By September 2016,more than 130,000 acacia trees..."可知,她創(chuàng)立 Acacias for All 項目的 目的是保護當地的農田。故選B項。
4.C標題歸納題。通讀全文,文章講述的是主人公圖米創(chuàng)立了Acacias for All 項目,種植金 合歡樹，改善保護當地農田，堅持與沙漠化作斗爭，實踐其可持續(xù)農業(yè)的理念。C選項 “Holding Back the Sahara（阻擋撒哈拉沙漠）”符合文章大意。故選C項。

Day 3 國際視野

學校種植項目應對社區(qū)糧食短缺

Fifth-graders gathered around a large tank inside their school's greenhouse. Plants hang overhead,and trays of seedlings (幼苗） fill the shelves. Small silver fish pop their heads out of the water as Blanka,10 years old,holds out food.“"If you put your finger in a little bit,they might bite it. It doesn't hurt;it just feels funny,"” explains Blanka.

At Manzo Elementary Schools in Tucson,raising fish at school was one small answer to a big problem faced by many people in the neighborhood—food insecurity. While the students could have breakfast and lunch at school,their families often struggled to provide dinner. The teachers came up with an idea :could the students raise food at school for the neighborhood?

It wouldn't be easy. Being in a desert region, water was a scarce resource in Tucson. Apart from that, the soil doesn't always have the nutrients plants need to grow, so the students would need to add a natural fertilizer. Inspired by the Aztecs’ ancient practice of Chinampas,floating farms on lakes near Mexico City,Counselor Moses Thompson introduced an aquaponics （魚菜共生） system where fish waste served as fertilizer for the plants, while the plants′ roots purified the water in the fish tank. Apart from fish,other animals played an important part in supporting the students' mission to feed their neighbors. Chickens laid eggs, and visiting pollinators （傳粉者） like bees and butterflies helped transform flowers into vegetables.

Once the students had harvested enough food,it was time for Market Day. They offered vegetables as donations to people in the neighborhood and sold eggs and fish to raise funds for fish food and chicken feed.“We can plant good food and have fun while we're doing something important,” says Blanka.“I'm so happy to be at this school. "

1. What is the first paragraph mainly about?

A.Whatthe greenhouse ecosystemlooks like.
B. How fifth-graders observe fish.
C. Whether feeding fish is funny.
D. Where plants are grown.

2. Why did Manzo Elementary School start raising fish at school?

A. To teach students about fish.
B. To bring in income for the school.
C. To attract more students to the school.

D.To handle food shortage in thel neighborhood.

3.How did the ecosystem at Manzo Elementary School work?

A. Fish waste fertilized the plants.
B. Chickens helped purify water.
C. Plants provided food for fish.
D. Pollinators helped carry vegetables.

4.Which word best describes Blanka's attitude to raising fish at school?

A. Tolerant. B. Favorable.
C. Skeptical. D. Uncaring.

閱讀參考

語篇導讀

本文是一篇記敘文。文章描述了圖森市一所小學的學生們如何通過養(yǎng)魚和蔬菜種植項目來為社區(qū)提供食物，并解決了附近居民面臨的食物短缺問題。

■譯文助讀

五年級的學生們圍聚在學校溫室里的一個大水箱旁。頭頂懸掛著植物，架子上擺滿了一盤盤幼苗。10歲的布蘭卡拿出魚食時，銀色的小魚紛紛探出水面。“要是你把手指稍微伸進去一點，它們可能會咬你的手指。不會疼，只是感覺挺有趣。”布蘭卡解釋道。

在圖森市的曼佐小學，在學校養(yǎng)魚是為解決附近居民面臨的一個大問題—食物無保障—而采取的一個小舉措。雖然學生們在學校能吃上早餐和午餐，但他們的家人常常難以提供晚餐。老師們想出了一個主意：學生們能不能在學校種食物，供給附近居民呢？

這并非易事。圖森市地處沙漠地區(qū)，水資源稀缺。除此之外，土壤并不總是具備植物生長所需的養(yǎng)分,所以學生們需要添加天然肥料。受阿茲特克人古老的奇南帕耕作法(即在墨西哥城附近湖泊上建造的浮動農場)的啟發(fā),輔導員摩西·湯普森引入了一種魚菜共生系統(tǒng)，魚的排泄物為植物提供肥料,而植物的根系則凈化水箱里的水。除了魚，其他動物在幫助學生們實現為鄰里提供食物的使命中也發(fā)揮了重要作用。雞下蛋，來訪的蜜蜂和蝴蝶等傳粉者幫助花朵結出蔬菜。

一旦學生們收獲了足夠的食物，就到了“集市日”。他們將蔬菜捐贈給附近的居民，并出售雞蛋和魚，以籌集購買魚食和雞飼料的資金。“我們可以種植優(yōu)質的食物，在做重要事情的同時還能收獲樂趣。”布蘭卡說，“能在這所學校上學，我太開心了。”

【答案自查】

1.A段落大意題。根據第一段中“Plants hang overhead,and trays of seedlings..．explains Blanka.”可知，本段主要講述了溫室生態(tài)系統(tǒng)是什么樣子的。故選A項。
2.D細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中“The teachers came up with an idea:could the students raise food at school for the neighborhood?”可知，曼佐小學在學校養(yǎng)魚是為了解決附近社 區(qū)的食物短缺問題。故選D項。
3.A細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段中“...introduced an aquaponics（魚菜共生）system where fish waste served as fertilizer for the plants...”可知,曼佐小學的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)利用魚糞給植 物施肥。故選A項。
4.B觀點態(tài)度題。根據最后一段中“...‘We can plant good food and have fun while we're doing something important,’ says Blanka.‘I'm so happy to be at this school. '" 可知, Blanka 對學校養(yǎng)魚是贊成的。故選B項。

Day4經典名著

《貧瘠的春天》（節(jié)選）

Liu,the farmer, sat at the door of his one-room house. It was a warm evening in late February,and in his thin body he felt the coming of spring. How he knew that the time had now come when sap should stir in trees and life begin to move in the soil he could not have told himself. In other years it would have been easy enough. He could have pointed to the willow trees about the house,and shown the swelling buds. But there were no more trees now. He had cut them off during the bitter winter when they were starving for food and he had sold them one by one. Or he might have pointed to the pink-tipped buds of his three peach trees and his six apricot trees that his father had planted in his day so that now,being at the height of their time,they bore a load of fruit every year. But these trees were also gone. Most of all,in any other year than this he might have pointed to his wheat fields, where he planted wheat in the winter when the land was not needed for rice, and where, when spring was moving into summer,he planted the good rice,for rice was his chief crop. But the land told nothing,this year. There was no wheat on it,for the flood had covered it long after wheat should have been planted,and it lay there cracked and like clay but newly dried.

Well,on such a day as this,if he had his buffalo and his plow as he had always had in other years,he would have gone out and plowed up that cracked soil. He ached to plow it up and make it look like a field again,yes,even though he had not so much as one seed to put in it. But he had no buffalo. If anyone had told him that he would eat his own water buffalo that plowed the good land for him,and year after year pulled the stone roller over the grain and threshed it at harvest he would have called that man idiot. Yet it was what he had done. He had eaten his own water buffalo,he and his wife and his parents and his four children,they had all eaten the buffalo together.

But what else could they do on that dark winter's day when the last of their store of grain was gone,when the trees were cut and sold,when he had sold everything,even the little they had saved from the flood,and there was nothing left except the rafters of the house they had and the garments they wore? Was there sense in stripping the coat off one's back to feed one's belly? Besides,the beast was starving also,since the water had covered even the grass lands, and they had had to go far afield to gather even enough to cook its bones and flesh. On that day when he had seen the faces of his old parents set as though dead,on that day when he had heard the crying of his children and seen his little daughter dying,such a despair had seized him as made him like a man without his reason,so that he had gathered together his feeble strength and he had done what he said he never would;he had taken the kitchen knife and gone out and killed his own beast. When he did it,even in his despair,he groaned,for it was as though he killed his own brother. To him it was the last sacrifice.

Yet it was not enough. No,they grew hungry again and there was nothing left to kill. Many of the villagers went south to other places,or they went down the river to beg in the great cities. But he,Liu the farmer, had never begged. Moreover,it seemed to him then that they must all die and the only comfort left was to die on their own land. His neighbor had come and begged him to set forth with them;yes,he had even said he would carry one of the old parents on his back so that Liu might carry the other,seeing that his own old father was already dead. But Liu had refused,and it was well,for in the next two days the old mother was dead,and if she had died on the way he could only have cast her by the roadside lest the others be delayed and more of them die. As it was he could put her safely into their own ground, although he had been so weak that it had taken him three days to dig a hole deep enough for her little old withered body. And then before he could get her buried he and his wife had quarreled over the poor few clothes on the old body. His wife was a hard woman and she would have buried the old mother naked,if he had let her,so as to have the clothes for the children. But he made her leave on the inner coat and trousers;although they were only rags after all,and when he saw the cold earth against his old mother's flesh— well,that was sorrow for a man,but it could not be helped. Three more he had buried somehow,his old father and his baby daughter and the little boy who had never been strong.

That was what the winter's famine had taken from them. It would have taken them all except that in the great pools lying everywhere, which were left from the flood,there were shrimps,and these they had eaten raw and were still eating,although they were all sick with a dysentery that would not get well. In the last day or so his wife had crawled out and dug a few sprouting dandelions. But there was no fuel and so they also were eaten raw. But the bitterness was good after the tasteless flesh of the raw shrimps. Yes, spring was coming.

He sat on heavily,looking out over his land. If he had his buffalo back,if he had his plow that they had burned for fuel,he could plow the land. But when he thought of this as he did many times every day,he felt helpless as a leaf tossed upon the flood. The buffalo was gone; gone also his plow and every implement of wood and bamboo, and what other had he? Sometimes in the winter he had felt grateful that at least the flood had not taken all the house as it had so many other houses. But now suddenly it came to him that he could be grateful for nothing,no,not even that he had his life left him and the life of his wife and the two older children. He felt tears come into his eyes slowly as they had not even come when he buried his old mother and saw the earth fall against her flesh,bared by the rags which had comforted him that day. But now he was comforted by nothing. He muttered to himself,"I have no seed to plant in the land. There the land lies! I could go and claw it up with my hands if I had the seed and the land would bear. I know my good land. But I have no seed and the land is empty. Yes, even though spring comes, we must still starve!"

And he looked,hopeless,into the barren spring.

閱讀參考

語篇導讀

《貧瘠的春天》是美國作家賽珍珠的作品。賽珍珠從小生活在中國，細致入微地觀察中國農民的生活。本文通過描寫一對貧苦農民夫婦與惡劣環(huán)境、貧窮作斗爭的過程,展現出農民對土地的執(zhí)著和無奈。賽珍珠以細膩筆觸描繪了農民的困境，體現了農民堅韌又悲苦的生存狀態(tài)。

■譯文助讀

農民老劉坐在他只有一間房的門口。那是二月末的一個溫煦的黃昏，他瘦削的身體已經感知到春天的來臨。他怎會知道正是這時候樹木的汁液開始顫動，泥土中的生命開始蘇醒呢？他無法給自己一個答案。可是在往年，這本是一件極容易的事情。他本可以指著屋子四周的柳樹,給大家看就要抽條的嫩芽。但是現在樹已經沒有了，嚴冬饑荒時被他全砍了，一棵一棵地賣了。或者他本來還可以指著父親年輕時親手栽種的三株桃樹和六棵杏樹，給大家看那粉嫩的花苞。這些果樹正值壯年，每年都會結下累累的果實。但是這些樹也沒有了。最重要的是，往年他還會指著麥地給大家看。在這塊地上，他冬天種麥子，因為那個時令沒法種水稻；快入夏時，他就會插秧種稻子，而且收成很好。水稻是他田里的主要農作物。但是今年地里啥也沒有。沒有麥子，因為該種麥子的時候，田地被洪水淹沒了，現在地都開裂了，像剛干不久的黏土一樣。

好吧，在這樣一個日子里，要是還和往年一樣，他的水牛還在，耕犁還在,他應該早已經出門去耕種那片已經開裂的土地了。他很想念犁地，想念平整耕田的樣子，是的，就算他連一顆可以播撒的種子也沒有。但如今他沒有水牛了。要是先前有人勸他把他的水牛宰了吃，他一定會痛罵那個人是笨蛋。他的水牛可是耕地能手，豐收時還可以幫拉石磨碾谷子。但這都是過去時了。他已經吃掉了自己的水牛。他和他的妻子、父母還有四個孩子一起把水牛給吃了。

但是，在那個昏暗的冬日里，他們吃完了儲藏的最后一點糧食，樹也砍光了賣錢，能賣的都賣了，連從洪水中救出的那一點點東西也都賣了，除了房梁和身上的衣服，什么都沒有剩下，他們還能怎么辦？剝掉衣服來填肚子有意義嗎？而且當時牲口也已快餓死了，因為洪水已淹沒草地，連煮牲口的骨和肉所需的柴草也得走很遠才能撿夠。那一天，他看到自己年邁的父母面如死灰，聽到孩子們哭泣不停，眼見小女兒奄奄一息，他被一陣慘痛的絕望鉗住，變得失去了理智，然后鼓起虛弱的氣力，做了他說過永遠不會做的事情。他到廚房拿起刀，走出去，把自己的牲口給宰了。那一刻他絕望地呻吟著，好像親手殺了自己的兄弟。對他而言，這是最后的犧牲。

但這還不夠。是的，他們又開始遭受饑餓的折磨了，但已經沒有什么可殺的了。村子里很多人南下投奔別的地方，或者到河流下游的大城市去乞討。但農民老劉絕不乞討。而且他覺得反正大家遲早都要死,死在自己的土地上是剩下的唯一的安慰。鄰居來求他，讓他跟他們一起動身;是的，他的鄰居看到自己的老父親已命歸黃泉時，甚至提出愿意跟老劉一道背他的父母趕路。但老劉拒絕了。這樣也不錯，因為兩天以后他的老母親就死了。要是死在半路上，他只能把尸體扔在路邊，否則還得耽誤其他人的時間，然后就會有更多人因此死去。現在呢，雖說他身體已經十分虛弱，花了整整三天才挖出一個夠深的土穴來掩埋母親干的身軀，但畢竟他可以把她安好地埋葬在自己的土地上。就在母親下葬之前，他和老婆吵了一架，就為老人尸體上那點可憐的衣服。他老婆是個硬心腸的女人，假如老劉同意的話，她就要讓婆婆光著身子下葬，這樣一來扒下來的衣服就可以給孩子們穿。但是老劉還是給母親穿了內衣和褲子離開了,盡管那都已經是破布了。當他看到冰冷的泥土蓋在老母親的皮肉上時——喔，這對一個男人來說是一種悲哀，但是又有什么辦法呢？然后他又親手將他的老父親、幼小的女兒和一個從未長結實的小兒子一個個埋入泥土。

這就是這場冬日的饑荒從他們身邊所奪走的。饑荒還差點奪走所有人的性命，幸虧洪水過后，隨處可見的水塘里發(fā)現了小蝦，他們便撈來生吃，雖然都因此得了一種難以痊愈的痢疾，但他們一直這樣吃到現在。大概在最后一天，他老婆掙扎著出去，挖到了一些剛發(fā)芽的蒲公英，因為沒有柴火，所以也只能生吃了。味兒苦，但在吃膩了沒有滋味的生蝦后，這苦味倒還感覺不錯。是的，春天來了。

他一屁股坐下，望著外面自己的土地。要是他能要回他的水牛，如果他沒有把耕犁當柴火燒了，他現在就能耕地了。每當他想到這些(他每天都想很多遍),他就覺得十分無助，就像扔進洪水的一片孤葉。水牛不在了，犁也不在了，連一根木頭一節(jié)竹子都沒有剩，他還有什么呢？冬天里,有時候他還會心存一絲感激，至少洪水沒有把他所有的房屋都沖壞,盡管也沖毀了很多人家的房子。但現在，他突然意識到沒有什么值得他感激的，沒有，甚至他都不感激自己還活著，自己的老婆還活著，還有老大老二兩個孩子。他感覺到淚水慢慢涌上眼眶，就算在埋葬母親那天，看著泥土撒落在母親的軀體上時，他都沒有掉過一滴眼淚，他甚至還因為母親辭世時尚有破布遮體而感到安慰。但現在，他無以慰藉。他喃喃自語：“我沒有種子可以種地。土地就在那兒！我要是有種子，我會用我的雙手去刨地，土地就會有收成。我知道我的地肥沃。但我沒有種子，地里什么也沒有。是的，春天來了，可我們還會挨餓！”

他呆望著這貧瘠的春天，沒有一絲希望。

佳句摘抄

Day5中國元素

小麥在中國的歷史

Today China is the world's biggest consumer of wheat. But it wasn't always that way.

Wheat only came to the area now known as Northern China towards the end of the Neolithic period (新石器時代）,some 4,600 years ago. Initially, wheat didn't seem to be so delicious and had been treated as a crop of desperation rather than a cooking delight. The first farmers of Northern China primarily grew millet (栗),starting as early as 1l,500 years ago. By the time of the Tang Dynasty, wheat had replaced millet, becoming a major crop. But relatively little was known about exactly why this shift occurred.

In an attempt to track the answer,I accumulated (積累） a collection of nearly 1,200 data points covering more than 50 sites from the mid-Neolithic, about 9,000 years ago,to the collapse of the Eastern Han Dynasty in 220 AD. The sites were across 8 modern provinces, ranging from Gansu Province in the north-west to Shandong Province in the east.

One possible explanation is a major climate shift, called the Holocene Event 3, which happened 4,000 to 4,500 years ago. At that time,the climate became colder and drier across continents,causing damage to crop production.

On top of this,the late Neolithic period was also a time of rapid population growth around the world. With an ever-increasing population and unsteady crop production,it is reasonable to assume that Neolithic farmers in northern China were struggling.

Wheat,it turns out,actually needs more water than millet,making it seem a poor choice for a dry period of history. But importantly,it can be sowed after millet has been harvested. That, we think,is the most likely reason why the people across northern China started to grow wheat.

From more extreme weather to changing coastlines, climate change has always brought unexpected and sometimes dramatic changes to societies. In this instance,the consequence of the Holocene Event 3 in northern China proved,eventually,delicious.

1.What can we learn about wheat from the second paragraph?

A. It replaced millet for its great taste.
B. It was a poor choice at the beginning.
C. It outnumbered millet 4,600 years ago.
D. It was the earliest crop grown in China.

[2. What do the figures in paragraph 3 show?

A. The author found the exact answer.
B. The author did the research cautiously.
C. The author did extensive research.
D. The author was good at collecting data.

3. What was probably the main reason for northerners in China to grow wheat?

A. The water supply was enough then.
B. The harvest of millet was not satisfying.
C.It adjusted tothe weather conditions better.
D. It had an alternative sowing season with millet.

4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A.HowWas MilletIntroduced to China?
B. Why Did Chinese Farmers Switch to Wheat?
C. How Did China Become the Biggest Wheat Consumer?
D.How Was China's Wheat Growth Affected by Climate Change?

閱讀參考

語篇導讀

本文是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了小麥成為中國主要農作物的歷史以及原因。

譯文助讀

如今，中國是全球最大的小麥消費國。但情況并非一直如此。

大約4600年前的新石器時代晚期，小麥才傳入如今的中國北方地區(qū)。最初，小麥似乎并不那么美味，人們把它當作無奈之下種植的作物，而非用于烹飪美食的食材。早在11500年前，中國北方的首批農民主要種植粟。到了唐代，小麥取代了粟，成為主要作物。但對于這一轉變究競為何發(fā)生，人們所知甚少。

為了探尋答案，我收集了近1200個數據點，涵蓋從約9000年前的新石器時代中期到公元 220 年東漢滅亡期間的50多處遺址。這些遺址分布在現今8個省份,從西北的甘肅省到東部的山東省。

一種可能的解釋是，大約4000至4500年前發(fā)生了一次重大氣候變化，即全新世時代事件3。當時，全球氣候變得更加寒冷干燥，影響了農作物產量。

除此之外，新石器時代晚期也是全球人口快速增長的時期。隨著人口不斷增加,農作物產量又不穩(wěn)定，可以合理推測，中國北方的新石器時代農民面臨著艱難處境。

事實證明，小麥實際上比粟需要更多水分，在歷史的干旱時期，這似乎是個糟糕的選擇。但重要的是,它可以在粟收獲后播種。我們認為,這極有可能就是中國北方民眾開始種植小麥的原因。

從更極端的天氣到海岸線的變化，氣候變化總是給社會帶來意想不到、有時甚至是巨大的改變。在這種情況下,全新世時代事件3對中國北方的影響最終證明是令人愉快的。

【答案自查】

1.B細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中“Initially,wheat didn't seem to be so delicious and had been treated as a crop of desperation rather than a cooking delight."可知,小麥一開始是一 個糟糕的選擇。故選B項。
2.C推理判斷題。根據第三段“In an attempt to track the answer,I accumulated（積累）a collection of nearly 1,200 data points covering more than 50 sites from the mid-Neolithic,about 9,000 years ago,to the collapse of the Eastern Han Dynasty in 220 AD. The sites were across 8 modern provinces,ranging from Gansu Province in the northwest to Shandong Province in the east.”可推知，第三段中的數字說明了作者做了廣泛的研究。故選C項。
3.D細節(jié)理解題。根據倒數第二段中“But importantly,it can be sowed after millet has been harvested. That, we think,is the most likely reason why the people across northern China started to grow wheat.”可知，中國北方人種植小麥的主要原因是它與粟有一個可交 替的播種季節(jié)。故選D項。
4.B標題歸納題。根據第一段中“Today China is the world's biggest consumer of wheat. But it wasn't always that way."和第二段中“But relatively litle was known about exactly why this shift occurred.”以及全文內容可知，文章介紹了小麥開始作為農作物的歷史以及小麥成為主 要農作物的原因。B項“為什么中國農民改種小麥？”最符合文章標題。故選B項。

Day 6 詞句回顧 遷移運用

詞匯采擷 3. nutrient n.養(yǎng)分，營養(yǎng)物

\* Day 1 4. floating adj.不固定的，流動的

.sustainable adj.可持續(xù)的 5.fund n.基金，專款

2. revive v.(使)蘇醒；復活 \* Day 4

3.conservation n.保護；保存 1. stir v.攪拌；（使)微動

.enterprise n.公司；企業(yè) 2. willow n.柳;柳樹

'. isolate v.孤立,隔離；分隔 3. swelling n.腫脹處；膨脹

\ast Day 2

4. sorrow n.悲傷,悲痛；不幸

1.awake v.(使)醒來；喚起；被喚起 5. famine n.饑荒

\* Day 5

3. drought n.干旱；旱災 1. initially adv.期初,最初
4. fertilizer n.肥料 2. primarily adu.主要地
5. estimate v.估計,估算 3.accumulate v.積累;積攢
\* Day 3 4. collapse v.倒坍;垮掉,瓦解
1. tank n.箱,罐;水池 5. unsteady adj.顫抖的;不穩(wěn)的
2. scarce adj.不足的，缺乏的 6. assume v.假定，假設

短語串記

1.由worse off 串記“adj. + off"的短語（Day2)

2.由 transform...into...串記"v. ^+ into"的短語（Day4)

■多維探究

I.一詞多義

1.address v.寫姓名和地址;設法解決;稱呼n.地址;網址;演講;稱呼(Day 1)

[自我檢測]寫出黑體部分的詞性及含義

(1)tonight's televised presidential address (2）Which problem should be addressed first? (3)The president should be addressed as “Mr. President".

2.extendv.使延期，延長；延伸，伸展；給予,提供(Day2)

_自我檢測]寫出黑體部分的含義

(1)We'd like to extend a warm welcome to our French visitors.
(2)The River Nile extends as far south as Lake Victoria.
(3) My employer have agreed to extend the deadline.

Ⅱ.熟詞生義

1.say[熟義］.說;表明;朗誦［生義］v.比方說,假設 n.決定權,發(fā)言權(Day1)[自我檢測]寫出黑體部分的詞性及含義

(1) His angry glance said it all.
(2) We had no say in the decision to sell the company.
(3)You could learn the basics in,let's say,three months.

2.produce[熟義］v.引起,造成;制造,生產［生義］v.出示,展現n.農產品(Day 1)

[自我檢測]寫出黑體部分的詞性及含義

(1)fresh local produce (2)The region produces over 50% of the country's wheat. (3)When asked what had happened,he produced a box.

Ⅲ.詞匯變形

1. practice n .練習；實踐 \rightarrow adj.實踐的,實際的→ adv.幾乎，差不多→adj.不實際的

2. insecurity n 不安全 \rightarrow adj.無自信的；不安全的 \rightarrow adj.穩(wěn)固的,牢靠的；安全的 \boldsymbol{v}. 獲得;將(某物)固定

3. intention n .意圖，目的 \rightarrow ．計劃,打算 \mathbf{\rightarrow} adj.故意的 \rightarrow adj.無意地 *^{-} adu.故意地

4.financial adj.財政的，金融的 \rightarrow adv.財政方面地 *^{-} n.財政,金融

5.criticaladj.批評的；緊要的 \rightarrow adv.極為重要地；嚴重地 \rightarrow v.批評,指責；評論 \rightarrow n.評論家,批評家 *^{-} n.指責,批判;評論

6.comfort n .舒適感；安慰v.安慰 \rightarrow .不舒服，不適 \rightarrow adj.舒服的，令人舒服的 \rightarrow adj.令人寬慰的，解憂的

7. purify \boldsymbol{*} 凈化，使純凈 \rightarrow adj.純潔的 \rightarrow adj.凈化過的

8.reasonable adj.合理的 \rightarrow adj.不合情理的 \rightarrow adv.合理地;理智地 \rightarrow n.原因,理由

9.drama n.戲劇 \rightarrow adj.急劇的；戲劇的 \rightarrow adu.大幅度地;戲劇般地

10. consequence n .后果 \rightarrow adj.隨之發(fā)生的，作為結果的 \rightarrow adv.結果,因此

難句研讀

1. The sustainable village of the future,if Martina Wiedemar and Joao Almeida have any say about it, will have solar panels,earthen buildings,and a form of regenerative agriculture that copies nature to produce climate-friendly food. (Day 1)

英語·選擇性必修第一冊

[剖析]此句是一個主從復合句,該句主語為 The sustainable village of the future,謂語為 ,中間是f引導的 從句作插人語，賓語后接一個that引導的 從句。 [翻譯]

2. A decrease in average rainfall and an increase in the severity of droughts have led to an estimated 75 per cent of Tunisia's agricultural lands being threatened by desertification. (Day 2)

[剖析]此句的主語是兩個并列短語，分別為 和 ,謂語lead to意為“其中 to是 詞，其后的 being threatened by desertification 是 to 的 ，anestimated 75 per cent of Tunisia's agricultural lands 是 threaten 的

[翻譯]

3. At that time,the climate became colder and drier across continents,causing damage to crop production. (Day 5)

[剖析]本句謂語動詞為 ,其后的causing damage to crop production 是非謂語動詞短語作 ，表示主句自然產生的影響或結果。
[翻譯]

參考答案

【多維探究】

\operatorname{I}.1.\left(1\right)n .演講 (2)\tau. 設法解決 (3)v. 稱呼2.(1)給予（2)延伸(3)使延期，延長
\mathbb{I}.1.(1)\tau. 說明 (2)n. 發(fā)言權 (3)v. 假設 2.(1)n. 農產品 (2)v. 生產 (3)v. 出示
Ⅲ.1.practical; practically; impractical 2.insecure; secure 3.intend; intentional; unintentional;intentionally 4. financially;finance 5. critically;criticize;critic;criticism 6. discomfort; comfortable; comforting 7. pure; purified 8. unreasonable; reasonably; reason 9. dramatic;dramatically 10. consequent;consequently

【難句研讀】

1.剖析：willhave翻譯：條件狀語；定語;要是瑪蒂娜·維德馬爾和若昂·阿爾梅達能做主,未來的可持續(xù)村莊會有太陽能板、土壞建筑，還會采用一種模仿自然的再生農業(yè)模式，生產對氣候友好的食物。
2.剖析:a decrease in average rainfall;an increase in the severity of droughts;導致;介;賓語;邏輯主語翻譯：平均降水量的減少和干旱程度的加劇，導致突尼斯約 75% 的農田面臨沙漠化的威脅。

3.剖析：became；結果狀語翻譯：當時，全球氣候變得更加寒冷干燥，影響了農作物產量。

主題9 效法自然

Day 1 時文在線

馬達加斯加叢林豬間接保護了猴面包樹

The Malagasy baobab trees, a typical feature of Madagascar's landscape, should have disappeared long ago due to the extinction of its former seed-distributing animals. However,it did not. Seheno Andriantsaralaza at the University of Antananarivo in Madagascar and Onja Razafindratsima at the University of California, Berkeley, now think they may know the reason.

Together with their colleagues,the scientists monitored 15 trees to find new baobab seeddistributing animals in a western Madagascar region. They also set up camera traps around seed-containing fruits,and searched any faeces (糞便） along the way for the presence of seeds.

They report in the journal Biotropica that a native rat was caught on camera handling whole fruits on four occasions. Although there was no record of the rat breaking the fruits open,the team found 13 fruits that had been chewed into and had their seeds removed. Though the bite marks were not clear enough to identify a culprit (肇事者）,this was clear evidence that a seed-distributing animal was out there. They then found convincing evidence: baobab seeds in seven different piles of bush-pig faces.

The discovery is not without irony (i諷刺). Scientists believe bush pigs were brought to Madagascar by humans sometime between 1,000 and 5,000 years ago,just as the former seeddistributing animals were going extinct. Their arrival was a lucky break for the baobabs, especially as scientists have determined a seed's journey through the pig-like digestive system doesn't reduce its ability to grow.

While the finding is important in its own right,it also provides valuable evidence that introduced species may not be entirely harmful. Madagascar's pigs, for example,though not native, have made themselves essential to the survival of truly native species. Similar relationships are suspected to hold in South America between rabbits native to Europe and plants with no seed distributors. For Dr. Andriantsaralaza, that suggests the full ecological role of introduced species should be considered before talk of extinction begins.

1. What is the study aimed at?

A. Monitoring endangered baobab trees.
B. Discovering why baobab trees still exist.
C. Preserving the landscape of Madagascar.
D. Investigating how animals distribute seeds.

2. What led the scientists to identify the real culprit?

A.The clear bite marks on the fruits.
B. The number of fruits broken open.
C. Where the removed baobab seeds lay.
D. How a native rat handled whole fruits.

3.What is the writer's attitude towards introduced species?

A. Dismissive. B. Conventional.
C. Enthusiastic. D. Fair.

閱讀參考

■語篇導讀

本文是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了科學家發(fā)現馬達加斯加叢林豬雖然是入侵物種，但是間接保護了猴面包樹,解釋了研究開展的經過和發(fā)現。

譯文助讀

馬達加斯加猴面包樹是馬達加斯加景觀的典型特征，由于其以前傳播種子的動物已經滅絕，它應該早就消失了。然而，事實并非如此。馬達加斯加塔那那利佛大學的Seheno Andriantsaralaza 和加州大學伯克利分校的Onja Razafindratsima 認為他們可能知道原因。

科學家們與他們的同事在馬達加斯加西部地區(qū)監(jiān)測了15棵樹，以此來尋找新的傳播猴面包樹種子的動物。他們還在含有種子的水果周圍設置了相機陷阱，并搜索沿途的任何糞便是否有種子。

他們在Biotropica 雜志上報告說，一只本地老鼠四次被攝像機捕捉到處理整個水果。雖然沒有老鼠打破果實的記錄，但研究小組發(fā)現了13個被咀嚼并去除種子的水果。雖然咬痕不夠清晰，無法識別肇事者，但這是明確的證據,表明那里有傳播種子的動物。然后,他們找到了令人信服的證據：七堆不同的灌木豬糞便中含有猴面包樹種子。

這一發(fā)現并非沒有諷刺意味。科學家們認為，灌木豬是在1,000到5,000年前的某個時候被人類帶到馬達加斯加的，當時以前的種子傳播動物正在滅絕。它們的到來對猴面包樹來說是一個意外的好運，尤其是因為科學家們已經確定種子通過類似豬的消化系統(tǒng)并不會降低其生長能力。

雖然這一發(fā)現本身很重要，但它也提供了有價值的證據：引進的物種可能并不完全有害。例如,馬達加斯加的豬雖然不是本地的，但對真正的本地物種的生存至關重要。在南美洲，原產于歐洲的兔子與沒有種子傳播者的植物之間被懷疑存在類似的關系。對Andriantsaralaza博士來說，這表明在開始談論滅絕之前，應該考慮引入物種的全部生態(tài)作用。

【答案自查】

1.B細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段可知,這項研究的目的是發(fā)現猴面包樹仍然存在的原因。故 選B。
2.C細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段“Though the bite marks were not clear enough to identify a culprit,this was clear evidence that a seed-distributing animal was out there. They then found convincing evidence:baobab seeds in seven different piles of bush-pig faeces."可知 , 被取出的猴面包樹種子的所在讓科學家們確定了真正的罪魁禍首。故選C。
3.D推理判斷題。根據最后一段“While the finding is important in its own right,it also provides valuable evidence that introduced species may not be entirely harmful."可知 ,作 者認為引進物種合理。故選D。

Day 2 以文化人

為什么大雁南飛習慣排成√字形隊伍

Next autumn when you see wild geese heading south for the winter flying in a V formation (隊形）,you might think about what scientists have discovered as to why they fly that way.

As each bird flaps （拍打）its wings,it creates an uplift for the bird immediately following. By flying in a ~V~ formation the whole group adds at least 71% greater flying distance than if each bird flies on its own.

People who share a common direction and sense of community can get where they are going more quickly and easily because they are traveling on the push of one another. When a wild goose falls out of the formation,it suddenly feels the drag and resistance of trying to go alone and quickly tries to get back into the formation to take advantage of the lifting power of the bird in front. When the head goose gets tired,it flies back into the formation and another goose flies to the front. It is wise to take turns doing difficult jobs whether it could be people or wild geese flying south.

Wild geese honk （發(fā)出雁叫聲）from behind to inspire those up front to keep up their speed. When a wild goose gets sick or wounded by gunshots,and falls out of the formation, two other geese will fall out with that goose and follow it down to lend help and protection. They will stay with the fallen goose until it is able to fly or until it dies,and only then will they go on with their own or with another formation to catch up with their group.

1. Why do wild geese fly in a V formation?

A.To protect themselves from danger.
B. To fly more quickly and easily.
C. To help the sick and wounded.
D. To fly much higher in the sky.

2.If a wild goose falls out of the V formation,

A. the other geese will call it back B. the other geese will fly with it C. it will try to get back into the group D. it will fall behind the whole group

3. What can be inferred from paragraph 4?

A. Wild geese honk is a sign of help.

B. Wild geeseare easy to be shot by hunters.
C.Wild geese never give up any other teammate.
D. The wounded geese will be left alone to recover.

4.What can be the suitable title for the passage?

A. The Whole Group Flying B. Geese Moving Forward C. The Rules of V Formation D. The Spirit of Encouragement

閱讀參考

語篇導讀

本文是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了為什么大雁南飛習慣排成√字形隊伍。

譯文助讀

明年秋天，當你看到大雁排成√字形向南越冬時，你可能會想到科學家們已經發(fā)現了的關于它們?yōu)槭裁催@樣飛行的原因。

當每只鳥拍打翅膀時，它會為緊隨其后的鳥創(chuàng)造一個浮升力。通過排成√字形飛行，整個群體比每只鳥單獨飛行增加了至少 71% 的飛行距離。

有共同方向和社區(qū)意識的人可以更快更容易地到達他們要去的地方，因為他們在彼此的推動下旅行。當一只大雁掉隊了，它會突然感受到獨自飛行的阻力，并迅速嘗試回到隊形中，以利用前面那只鳥的浮升力。當領頭的大雁累了時，它會飛回編隊中，另一只大雁飛到前面。輪流做困難的工作是明智的，無論是人還是南飛的大雁。

大雁從后面發(fā)出叫聲，以激勵前面的大雁跟上他們的速度。當一只大雁因為生病或受了槍傷而掉隊時，另外兩只大雁會和它一起離開隊伍并提供幫助和保護。它們會和掉隊的大雁待在一起，直到它能飛或死亡，然后它們才會用自己的隊形或另一個隊形繼續(xù)前進，以趕上它們的隊伍。

【答案自查】

1.B推理判斷題。根據第二段中的“By flying in a \DeltaV formation the whole group adds at least 71% greater flying distance than if each bird flies on its own.”和第三段中的“People who share a common direction and sense of community can get where they are going more quickly and easily because they are traveling on the push of one another.”可知,大雁排成 V字形飛行是為了飛得更快更容易。故選B。
2.C細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段中的“When a wild goose falls out of the formation,it suddenly feels the drag and resistance of trying to go alone and quickly tries to get back into the formation to take advantage of the lifting power of the bird in front."可知,如果一 只大雁從V型隊列中掉出來，它會試圖回到隊伍中。故選C。
3.C推理判斷題。根據第四段中的“When a wild goose gets sick or wounded by gunshots, and falls out of the formation,two other geese will fall out with that goose and follow it down to lend help and protection. They will stay with the fallen goose until it is able to fly or until it dies,and only then will they go on with their own or with another formation to catch up with their group.”可知,大雁從不放棄任何隊友。故選C。
4.C標題歸納題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段中的“Next autumn when you see wild geese heading south for the winter flying in a V formation,you might think about what scientists have discovered as to why they fly that way."和第二段中的“As each bird flaps its wings, it creates an uplift for the bird immediately following. By flying in V formation the whole group adds at least 71% greater flying distance than if each bird flies on its own."可知,本 文主要介紹的是為什么大雁南飛習慣排成V字形隊伍，因此最恰當的標題是C選項“The RulesofVFormation（V型隊形的規(guī).則）”.故選C.

Day 3 國際視野

英國田地發(fā)現羅馬道路

A waterworks maintenance team discovered a possible one-of-a-kind Roman road in a field in Worcestershire that may date back 2,0o0 years.

If asked to name a place where you might make a once-in-a-lifetime archaeological (考古 的） discovery,your mind may go to the pyramids of Egypt or the peaks of the Andes... not a field in Worcestershire. But a field in Worcestershire is exactly where workmen recently discovered what is thought to be a Roman road up to 2,0o0 years old!

The road was discovered during routine waterworks maintenance by Severn Trent. Archaeological experts from Wychavon District Council were called to the scene and immediately recognized the find's significance.

Wychavon District Council's archaeology officer Aidan Smyth said,"When I first saw it,it took my breath away. If proven to be from the first century AD,it would be beyond rare."

Experts say it is constructed in a traditional Roman technique, with similar roads only being found in Rome and Pompei. Ruts (車轍） in the stones show that it was used by carts for a long time. A team from Historic England is expected to investigate further to determine the exact origin of the structure.

This is actually not the first significant historical discovery in Worcestershire. A number of possible forts have been suggested in Worcestershire since the 1950s,and Worcestershire is thought to possibly have been the site for the Roman town of Vertis.

It is too early to say without 100 per cent certainty that the road is Roman,but even if it is a road in the Middle Ages,it will still be a nationally significant discovery. If it is indeed a first-century Roman road,then it is the only one of its kind in Britain.

1. Why does the author mention the pyramids of Egypt?

A.To make a comparison with the Andes.
B. To identify the importance of pyramids.
C.To show the find in Worcestershire is rare.
D. To prove the archaeological discovery is true.

2. What can the road discovery be described as?

A. Long expected archaeology news.
B. The result of a careful exploration.
C. The effort of world archaeologists.
D. An unexpected result of a repair service.

3. How does Aidan Smyth feel when called to the scene?

A. Excited. B. Confused.
C. Annoyed. D. Satisfied.

4. What is the text mainly about?

A. A once-in-a-lifetime archaeological literature.
B. An unfortunate waterworks maintenance team.
C.A nationally significant event in ancient Rome.
D.A possible Roman road discovered in a field in Britain.

閱讀參考

語篇導讀

本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要講述了在英國的一塊田地里發(fā)現了一條被認為有2,000年歷史的羅馬道路。科學家認為這個發(fā)現非常重要。

譯文助讀

一個自來水廠維護團隊在伍斯特郡的一片田野中發(fā)現了一條可能獨一無二的羅馬道路，其歷史可以追溯到2 000年前。

如果讓你說出一個你可能會做出千載難逢的考古發(fā)現的地方，你的腦海中可能會浮現出埃及的金字塔或安第斯山脈的山峰……而不是伍斯特郡的一塊田地。但佳斯特郡的一塊田地正是工人們最近發(fā)現的一條據信有2000年歷史的羅馬道路的地方！

這條路是塞文·特倫特在常規(guī)的自來水廠維護期間發(fā)現的。韋查馮區(qū)議會的考古專家被召集到現場，并立即認識到這一發(fā)現的重要性。

韋查馮區(qū)議會的考古官員艾丹·史密斯說：“當我第一次看到它時，我驚呆了。如果它被證明是來自公元一世紀的，那將是極其罕見的。”

專家表示，它是采用傳統(tǒng)的羅馬技術建造的，類似的道路僅在羅馬和龐貝古城發(fā)現。石頭上的車轍表明它被手推車使用了很長時間。預計英格蘭歷史遺產保護局的一個團隊將進一步調查以確定該結構的確切起源。

這實際上并不是伍斯特郡的第一個重大歷史發(fā)現。自1950年代以來，伍斯特郡有許多可能的堡壘被提及，伍斯特郡被認為可能是羅馬城鎮(zhèn)韋爾蒂斯的所在地。

在沒有 100% 確定的情況下說這條路是來自羅馬的還為時過早，但即使它是中世紀的一條道路，它仍然會是一個具有全國意義的發(fā)現。如果它確實是一條一世紀的羅馬道路，那么它是英國唯一的一條此類道路。

【答案自查】

1.C推理判斷題。根據第二段以及第四段艾丹·史密斯所說的話可推知,提到埃及金字塔 是為了展示在伍斯特郡的發(fā)現是罕見的。故選C。
2.D細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段中的“The road was discovered during routine waterworks maintenance by Severn Trent. Archaeological experts from Wychavon District Council were called to the scene and immediately recognized the find's significance."可知,道路的 發(fā)現是一次維修服務的意外結果。故選D。
3.A推理判斷題。根據第四段中的“Wychavon District Council's archaeology officer Aidan Smyth said,^When I first saw it,it took my breath away. If proven to be from the first century AD,it would be beyond rare."”可推知,艾丹·史密斯被叫到現場時,他的心情是 激動的。故選A。
4.D主旨大意題。根據第一段中的“A waterworks maintenance team discovered a possible one-of-a-kind Roman road in a field in Worcestershire that may date back 2,000 years."可 知，本篇文章主要講述了在英國的田野里發(fā)現了一條可能來自羅馬的道路。故選D。

Day 4經典名著

《瓦爾登湖》(節(jié)選）

After hoeing, or perhaps reading and writing,in the forenoon, I usually bathed again in the pond,swimming across one of its coves for a stint,and washed the dust of labor from my person,or smoothed out the last wrinkle which study had made,and for the afternoon was absolutely free. Every day or two I strolled to the village to hear some of the gossip which is incessantly going on there, circulating either from mouth to mouth, or from newspaper to newspaper,and which,taken in homoeopathic doses, was really as refreshing in its way as the rustle of leaves and the peeping of frogs. As I walked in the woods to see the birds and squirrels,so I walked in the village to see the men and boys; instead of the wind among the pines I heard the carts rattle. In one direction from my house there was a colony of muskrats in the river meadows;under the grove of elms and buttonwoods in the other horizon was a village of busy men,as curious to me as if they had been prairie-dogs,each sitting at the mouth of its burrow,or running over to a neighbor's to gossip. I went there frequently to observe their habits. The village appeared to me a great news room;and on one side,to support it,as once at Redding \& Company's on State Street,they kept nuts and raisins,or salt and meal and other groceries. Some have such a vast appetite for the former commodity,that is,the news,and such sound digestive organs,that they can sit forever in public avenues without stirring,and let it simmer and whisper through them like the Etesian winds,or as if inhaling ether,it only produces numbness and insensibility to pain—otherwise it would often be painful to bear without affecting the consciousness. I hardly ever failed, when I rambled through the village, to see a row of such worthies,either sitting on a ladder sunning themselves, with their bodies inclined forward and their eyes glancing along the line this way and that,from time to time,or else leaning against a barn with their hands in their pockets,like caryatides,as if to prop it up. They,being commonly out of doors,heard whatever was in the wind. These are the coarsest mills,in which all gossip is first rudely digested or cracked up before it is emptied into finer and more delicate hoppers within doors. I observed that the vitals of the village were the grocery,the bar-room,the post-office,and the bank;and,as a necessary part of the machinery, they kept a bell,a big gun,and a fire engine,at convenient places; and the houses were so arranged as to make the most of mankind,in lanes and fronting one another, so that every traveler had to run the gauntlet,and every man, woman,and child might get a lick at him. Of

英語·選擇性必修第一冊

course,those who were stationed nearest to the head of the line, where they could most see and be seen,and have the first blow at him,paid the highest prices for their places;and the few straggling inhabitants in the outskirts, where long gaps in the line began to occur, and the traveler could get over walls or turn aside into cow-paths,and so escape, paid a very slight ground or window tax. Signs were hung out on all sides to allure him; some to catch him by the appetite,as the tavern and victualling cellar;some by the fancy,as the dry goods store and the jeweller's;and others by the hair or the feet or the skirts,as the barber,the shoemaker,or the tailor. Besides,there was a still more terrible standing invitation to call at every one of these houses, and company expected about these times. For the most part I escaped wonderfully from these dangers,either by proceeding at once boldly and without deliberation to the goal,as is recommended to those who run the gauntlet,or by keeping my thoughts on high things,like Orpheus, who,"loudly singing the praises of the gods to his lyre,drowned the voices of the Sirens,and kept out of danger.” Sometimes I bolted suddenly,and nobody could tell my whereabouts,for I did not stand much about gracefulness,and never hesitated at a gap in a fence. I was even accustomed to making an irruption into some houses, where I was well entertained,and after learning the kernels and very last sieveful of news— what had subsided, the prospects of war and peace, and whether the world was likely to hold together much longer—I was let out through the rear avenues,and so escaped to the woods again.

It was very pleasant, when I stayed late in town, to launch myself into the night, especially if it was dark and tempestuous, and set sail from some bright village parlor or lecture room,with a bag of rye or Indian meal upon my shoulder,for my snug harbor in the woods,having made all tight without and withdrawn under hatches with a merry crew of thoughts,leaving only my outer man at the helm,or even tying up the helm when it was plain sailing. I had many a genial thought by the cabin fire “as I sailed." I was never cast away nor distressed in any weather,though I encountered some severe storms. It is darker in the woods, even in common nights,than most suppose. I frequently had to look up at the opening between the trees above the path in order to learn my route,and,where there was no cart-path,to feel with my feet the faint track which I had worn, or steer by the known relation of particular trees which I felt with my hands, passing between two pines for instance, not more than eighteen inches apart,in the midst of the woods,invariably,in the darkest night. Sometimes, after coming home thus late in a dark and muggy night, when my feet felt the path which my eyes could not see,dreaming and absent-minded all the way,until I was aroused by having to raise my hand to lift the latch,I have not been able to recall a single step of my walk,and I have thought that perhaps my body would find its way home if its master should forsake it,as the hand finds its way to the mouth without assistance. Several times, when a visitor chanced to stay into evening,and it proved a dark night,I was obliged to conduct him to the cart-path in the rear of the house,and then point out to him the direction he was to pursue,and in keeping which he was to be guided rather by his feet than his eyes. One very dark night I directed thus on their way two young men who had been fishing in the pond. They lived about a mile off through the woods,and were quite used to the route. A day or two after one of them told me that they wandered about the greater part of the night,close by their own premises, and did not get home till towards morning,by which time,as there had been several heavy showers in the meanwhile,and the leaves were very wet,they were drenched to their skins.

I have heard of many going astray even in the village streets, when the darkness was so thick that you could cut it with a knife,as the saying is. Some who live in the outskirts,having come to town a-shopping in their wagons, have been obliged to put up for the night; and gentlemen and ladies making a call have gone half a mile out of their way,feeling the sidewalk only with their feet,and not knowing when they turned. It is a surprising and memorable,as well as valuable experience,to be lost in the woods any time. Often in a snow-storm,even by day, one will come out upon a well-known road and yet find it impossible to tell which way leads to the village. Though he knows that he has traveled it a thousand times, he cannot recognize a feature in it,but it is as strange to him as if it were a road in Siberia. By night,of course,the perplexity is infinitely greater. In our most trivial walks, we are constantly,though unconsciously,steering like pilots by certain well-known beacons and headlands,and if we go beyond our usual course we still carry in our minds the bearing of some neighboring cape;and not till we are completely lost,or turned round—for a man needs only to be turned round once with his eyes shut in this world to be lost—do we appreciate the vastness and strangeness of nature. Every man has to learn the points of compass again as often as he awakes, whether from sleep or any abstraction. Not till we are lost, in other words not till we have lost the world,do we begin to find ourselves,and realize where we are and the infinite extent of our relations.

閱讀參考

語篇導讀

《瓦爾登湖》是美國作家梭羅獨居瓦爾登湖畔的記錄，描繪了他兩年多時間里的所見、所聞和所思。作者以清新、細膩、生動的文字,捕捉了四季的更迭以及那些最純粹的自然景象與事件。他將瓦爾登湖畔簡樸、靜謐的生活，與世人忙碌追逐名利的生活狀態(tài)形成鮮明對比，展現了一種人與自然和諧共存的新生活模式。

譯文助讀

鋤地之后，上午也許讀讀書,寫寫字，我通常還要在湖水中再洗個澡，游泳經過一個小灣，從我身體上洗去了勞動的塵垢，或是撫平閱讀時留下的最后的皺紋,這樣一來，整個下午我便完全自由了。每天或隔天，我到村子里去散步，聽聽那些永無止境的閑話，或者是口口相傳的，或者是報紙上互相轉載的，如用順勢療法小劑量的接受它們，的確也很新鮮,猶如樹葉的沙沙作響和青蛙的呱呱鳴叫。正像我在森林散步是為了看鳥雀和松鼠一樣，我在村中散步是為了看一些男人和孩童;聽不到松林中的風聲了，我卻聽到了的車馬聲。從我的屋子向著一個方向望過去,河畔的草地上,有著一個麝鼠的聚居地;而在另一個地平線上,榆樹和懸鈴木底下,卻有一個滿是忙人的村子，使我產生了好奇之心，他們就像草原犬鼠一樣，不是坐在他們的獸穴的入口，便是奔到鄰家閑談去了。我時常到村子里去觀察他們的習慣。在我看來，村子像一個極大的新聞編輯室，在編輯室的一邊,為了支持它,仿佛國務街上的雷丁公司的情形,他們經常經營些干果，葡萄干，鹽，玉米粉，以及其他的食品雜貨。有些人,對于前一種的商品,即新聞，胃口特別大,消化能力也一樣大的,他們能長時間一動不動地坐在街道上,聽那些新聞像地中海季風般沸騰著，私語著吹過他們，或者可以說，他們像吸入乙醚一樣,這只會讓他們對疼痛變得麻木不仁—不然的話,要是不影響意識的話,這些新聞常常會讓人痛苦不堪。每當我漫步經過那個村子的時候，沒有一次不看到這群活寶一排排坐在石階上曬太陽，身子微向前傾，他們的眼睛時不時地向這邊或那邊瞟一眼，要不然便是身子倚在一個谷倉上,兩手插在褲袋里,像女像柱子般地支撐著谷倉似的。他們因為一般都在戶外,有什么風吹草動都能聽見。這是一些干粗活的磨坊,凡有飛短流長的閑話都經他們第一道碾過粗加工一下，然后進入戶內，傾倒入更精細的漏斗中去。我觀察到村中最必不可少的是食品雜貨店,酒吧，郵政局和銀行；此外像機器中少不了的零件，還有一只大鐘，一尊大炮，一輛救火車,都放在適當的地方；為了盡量利用人類的特點，房屋都面對面地排成巷子，任何旅行者都不得不受到夾道鞭打，男女老少都可以揍他一頓。當然，有一些安置在最靠近巷子口上的人，最先看到的別人的同時也最先被別人看到，是第一個動手揍他的，所以要付最高的房租了；而少數零零落落散居在村外的居民，在他們那兒開始有很長的間隙，旅行者可以越墻而過，或抄小路逃掉的，他們自然只付很少一筆地租或窗稅。四周全都掛起了招牌,以便引誘旅行者,有些招牌是抓住他的胃，比如酒館和供應酒的地窖;有的抓住他的想象力,比如干貨店和珠寶店;有的抓住他的頭發(fā)、腳或裙子，比如理發(fā)店,鞋店或裁縫店。此外,還有一個更可怕的危險,老是要你挨戶逐屋地訪問,而且在這種場合里總有不少人陪著。大體說來，這一切危險，我都能夠很巧妙地逃避過去，或者我立即大膽地徑直走向我的目的地，那些遭到夾道鞭打的人實在應該采取我的辦法，或者讓我的腦子一心一意地想著崇高的事物，像俄耳甫斯，“彈奏著七弦豎琴，高歌諸神之贊美詩，把塞壬的歌聲壓過,因此沒有遭難。”有時候，我閃電似的溜了，沒有人知道我在哪里，因為我不大在乎禮貌，籬笆上有洞可以鉆時，我不覺得有猶豫的必要。我甚至還習慣于闖進一些人的家里去，那里招待得我很好，就在聽取了最后一些精選的新聞之后，知道了剛平息下來的事情，戰(zhàn)爭與和平的前景，以及世界是不是有可能更長時間團結一致，我就從后面幾條路溜掉，又逃進我的森林中了。

當我在城里待到了很晚的時候，把自己投入黑夜之中是很愉快的事,特別在那些漆黑的、有風暴的夜晚，我從一個光亮的村屋或演講廳里起航,在肩上帶了一袋黑麥或印第安玉米粉,駛進林中我那安樂的港埠。把外面的一切全都扎牢，帶著快樂的思想退到甲板下面，只讓我的軀殼掌控“舵柄”，要是航道平靜，我索性用繩子把舵柄拴死了。“當我航行的時候”，烤著艙中的火爐，心中有許多愉快的想法。任何氣候，我都不會憂，都不感悲愴，雖然我遇到過幾場狂風暴雨。就是在平常的晚上，森林里也比你們想象的更黑。在最黑的夜晚，我常常只好看那樹葉空隙間的天空，一面走，一面這樣認路，走到一些沒有車道的地方，還只能用我的腳來探索我自己走出來的道路，或者用手觸摸那些特殊的樹木，這樣才能辨向航行，譬如，從兩枝松樹中間穿過，它們中間的距離不過十八英寸，且總是在森林中央。有時，在一個漆黑而潮濕的夜晚很晚地回來，我的腳摸索著眼睛看不到的道路，我的心卻一路都心不在焉，像在做夢似的，突然我不得不伸手開門了，這才清醒過來，我簡直不記得我是怎么走過來的，我想也許我的身體，就在靈魂遺棄了它之后，也還是能夠找到它的歸途的，就好像手總可以摸到嘴，不需任何幫忙一樣。好幾次，當一個訪客一直待到深夜,而這一夜湊巧又是漆黑的時候，我就不得不從屋后送他到車道上去了。同時就把他要去的方向指給了他，勸他不要靠他的眼睛，而是靠他的兩條腿摸索前進。在一個非常漆黑的夜晚，我就用這種方式給兩個到湖邊來釣魚的年輕人指出了路。他們住在大約離森林一英里外的地方，應該很熟悉這條路。一兩天后，他們中的一個告訴我，他們在自己的住所附近徘徊了大半個夜晚，直到黎明才回到了家,期間遇到了幾場大雨,樹葉都濕淋淋的,給他們淋得全身都濕透了。

英語·選擇性必修第一冊

我聽說村中有許多人在街上走走，都走得迷了路，那是在黑暗最濃厚的時候，正如古語所說，黑得你可以用刀子一塊一塊把它割下來。有些人是住在郊外的，乘坐馬車到村里來購物之后,也不得不留在村里過夜了;還有一些紳士淑女們，出門訪客，離開他們的路線不過半英里路，就只能用腳摸索道路，而不知道什么時候該拐彎。任何時候在森林里迷路，真是驚險而值得回憶的，是寶貴的經歷。在暴風雪中，哪怕是白天，走到一條非常熟悉的路上,也常常迷失方向，不知道哪條路通往村子。雖然他知道他在這條路上走過一千次了，也還是辨別不出一點痕跡，它就像西伯利亞的公路一樣陌生。如果在晚上，當然還要困難得多。在我們的日常散步中，我們經常地，雖然是不知不覺地，像領港的人一樣，依據著某某燈塔，或依據某某海角，向前行進，如果我們不在走慣的航線上,我們依然在腦中有著鄰近的一些海角的印象；除非我們完全迷了路，或者轉換了方向—因為人只需要一旦閉上眼睛轉換了方向，就能迷路—到那時候，我們才發(fā)現了大自然的浩瀚與奇異。不管是從睡眠中醒來還是從茫然中醒來，每一個人都應該在清醒過來之后看看羅盤上的方向，醒來幾次就看幾次。一直到我們迷了路，換句話，直到我們失去了這個世界之后，我們才開始發(fā)現我們自己，認識到我們在什么地方，并且認識了我們的聯(lián)系之無窮的界限。

佳句摘抄

中國大象最長遷徙記錄

A group of wandering wild elephants have become an overnight Internet sensation in China and globally.

While the original group is made up of 16 elephants,two decided to return home after a week. The rest have continued their journey northward, stopping only for a short break to allow a newly-born elephant and its mother to recover.

Since leaving the reserve,the elephants have walked over 500 kilometers. Along the way, they have entered farms for food and water, walked through urban streets, and even paid a visit to a car dealership and a retirement home. No animals or people have been hurt. However,they have destroyed more than 1$ million worth of crops.

Researchers are not sure why the elephants decided to leave or where they are headed. While they are known to leave their habitats in search of food,this is the longest migration of wild elephants recorded in China. Because of the extreme distance traveled, some guess that the elephants may be lost. Elephant expert Chen Mingyong said that the herd's leader possibly “l(fā)acks experience and has led the whole group off track."

However,other scientists think the elephants were forced to move due to deforestation (砍伐森林）. Successful conservation efforts have almost doubled the elephant population in the Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve and the surrounding regions. However, their natural habitat has been greatly reduced to make room for agricultural development.

“As their populations increase,they search for more food for the growing herd,” Becky Shu Chen said.“You could say that the increase in agricultural land and plantations in their region is,for elephants,like finding a big sweet shop,right on their doorstep. "

The wandering herd's search for a suitable home has not gone unnoticed by the millions of locals that eagerly follow their daily movements on social media. Adam Chang,assigned to deliver food to the elephants, says,“Before this meeting, I just felt curious about animals. Now,I think I would volunteer in animal rights groups to preserve those giant creatures. "

1. Why did the wild elephants stop temporarily during their journey northward?

A. To look for food and water at a farm.
B. To enjoy the beauty of the urban streets.
C. To have a rest after traveling over 500 kilometers.
D. To wait for a baby elephant and its mom to recover.

2. What causes the elephants to migrate long distances according to Chen MingYong?

A.The reduction of their habitats.
B. The loss of direction sense.
C. The poor conversation measures.
D. The development of agriculture.

3. What can we infer from the last paragraph about the wandering elephants?

A.They are helped by locals to find a suitable home.
B. They are annoyed by being followed each day.
C. They raise people's awareness of animal protection.
D. They have the rights to move around freely.

4. What is the best title for the text?

A. China's Wild Elephants Are Always on the Move
B.China's Wild Elephants Are Touring Through Cities
C. China's Wandering Wild Elephants Attract the World
D. China's Wandering Elephants Are Losing Their Way

閱讀參考

語篇導讀

本文是一篇新聞報道。文章講述了一群流浪的野生大象一夜之間在中國和全球互聯(lián)網上引起轟動，并且分析了大象流浪的原因以及引發(fā)的關注和影響。

譯文助讀

一群流浪的野生大象一夜之間在中國和全球互聯(lián)網上引起了轟動。

雖然最初的群體由16頭大象組成，但有兩頭決定在一周后回家。其余的大象繼續(xù)向北遷徙，且僅為了讓一頭新出生的大象和它的母親恢復過來而短暫停留了一次。

自從離開保護區(qū)以來，這些大象已經走了500多千米。一路上，他們進入農場獲取食物和水，穿過城市街道，甚至參觀了汽車經銷商和養(yǎng)老院。沒有動物或人受傷。然而，他們已經摧毀了價值超過100萬美元的農作物。

研究人員不確定大象決定離開的原因或它們要去哪里。雖然眾所周知，它們會離開棲息地尋找食物，但這是中國有記錄以來最長的野生大象遷徙。由于旅行的距離極遠,有人猜測大象可能會丟失。大象專家陳明勇說，象群的負責人可能“缺乏經驗，導致整個群體偏離了軌道”。

然而，其他科學家認為，大象是由于砍伐森林而被迫遷移的。成功的保護工作使西雙版納國家級自然保護區(qū)及周邊地區(qū)的大象數量幾乎翻了一番。然而，它們的自然棲息地已經大大減少，為農業(yè)發(fā)展騰出空間。

“隨著它們的數量增加，它們會為不斷增長的象群尋找更多的食物，"Becky ShuChen說。“你可以說，他們所在地區(qū)的農業(yè)用地和種植園的增加,對大象來說，就像在他們家門口找到一家大型糖果店一樣。”

流浪的象群尋找合適的家并沒有被數百萬當地人忽視，他們在社交媒體上熱切地關注象群的日常活動。被指派為大象送食物的AdamChang說：“在這次會議之前，我只是對動物感到好奇。現在，我想我會在動物權利組織中做志愿者，以保護那些巨大的生物。”

【答案自查】

1.D細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段最后一句“The rest have continued their journey northward, stopping only for a short break to allow a newly-born elephant and its mother to recover. "可知 , 野生大象在向北遷徙時短暫停留一次的原因是等待新生的小象和它的媽媽康復。故選D。
2.B細節(jié)理解題。根據第四段最后一句“Elephant expert Chen Mingyong said that the herd's leader possibly ‘lacks experience and has led the whole group off track. "可知,根 據陳明勇所說，大象遠距離遷徒的原因是方向感的喪失。故選B。
3.C推理判斷題。根據最后一段最后一句“Now,I think I would volunteer in animal rights groups to preserve those giant creatures.”可知,從最后一段關于流浪大象的內容中,我們 能推斷出它們提高了人們保護動物的意識。故選C。
4.C標題歸納題。根據文章第一段“A group of wandering wild elephants have become an overnight Internet sensation in China and globally.”可知,文章最好的標題是：中國的流浪 野生大象吸引了世界關注。故選C。